---
_id: '13049'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We propose a computational design approach for covering a surface with individually
addressable RGB LEDs, effectively forming a low-resolution surface screen. To
achieve a low-cost and scalable approach, we propose creating designs from flat
PCB panels bent in-place along the surface of a 3D printed core. Working with
standard rigid PCBs enables the use of\r\nestablished PCB manufacturing services,
allowing the fabrication of designs with several hundred LEDs. \r\nOur approach
optimizes the PCB geometry for folding, and then jointly optimizes the LED packing,
circuit and routing, solving a challenging layout problem under strict manufacturing
requirements. Unlike paper, PCBs cannot bend beyond a certain point without breaking.
Therefore, we introduce parametric cut patterns acting as hinges, designed to
allow bending while remaining compact. To tackle the joint optimization of placement,
circuit and routing, we propose a specialized algorithm that splits the global
problem into one sub-problem per triangle, which is then individually solved.\r\nOur
technique generates PCB blueprints in a completely automated way. After being
fabricated by a PCB manufacturing service, the boards are bent and glued by the
user onto the 3D printed support. We demonstrate our technique on a range of physical
models and virtual examples, creating intricate surface light patterns from hundreds
of LEDs."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: We thank the reviewers for the valuable feedback. We also thank the
Miba Machine Shop at ISTA, PCBWay, and PragoBoard for helping us with fabrication
and assembly. This project was supported by the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement
No. 715767 – MATERIALIZABLE).
article_number: '142'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Freire, Marco
last_name: Freire
- first_name: Manas
full_name: Bhargava, Manas
id: FF8FA64C-AA6A-11E9-99AD-50D4E5697425
last_name: Bhargava
orcid: 0009-0007-6138-6890
- first_name: Camille
full_name: Schreck, Camille
id: 2B14B676-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schreck
- first_name: Pierre-Alexandre
full_name: Hugron, Pierre-Alexandre
last_name: Hugron
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Sylvain
full_name: Lefebvre, Sylvain
last_name: Lefebvre
citation:
ama: 'Freire M, Bhargava M, Schreck C, Hugron P-A, Bickel B, Lefebvre S. PCBend:
Light up your 3D shapes with foldable circuit boards. Transactions on Graphics.
2023;42(4). doi:10.1145/3592411'
apa: 'Freire, M., Bhargava, M., Schreck, C., Hugron, P.-A., Bickel, B., & Lefebvre,
S. (2023). PCBend: Light up your 3D shapes with foldable circuit boards. Transactions
on Graphics. Los Angeles, CA, United States: Association for Computing Machinery.
https://doi.org/10.1145/3592411'
chicago: 'Freire, Marco, Manas Bhargava, Camille Schreck, Pierre-Alexandre Hugron,
Bernd Bickel, and Sylvain Lefebvre. “PCBend: Light up Your 3D Shapes with Foldable
Circuit Boards.” Transactions on Graphics. Association for Computing Machinery,
2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3592411.'
ieee: 'M. Freire, M. Bhargava, C. Schreck, P.-A. Hugron, B. Bickel, and S. Lefebvre,
“PCBend: Light up your 3D shapes with foldable circuit boards,” Transactions
on Graphics, vol. 42, no. 4. Association for Computing Machinery, 2023.'
ista: 'Freire M, Bhargava M, Schreck C, Hugron P-A, Bickel B, Lefebvre S. 2023.
PCBend: Light up your 3D shapes with foldable circuit boards. Transactions on
Graphics. 42(4), 142.'
mla: 'Freire, Marco, et al. “PCBend: Light up Your 3D Shapes with Foldable Circuit
Boards.” Transactions on Graphics, vol. 42, no. 4, 142, Association for
Computing Machinery, 2023, doi:10.1145/3592411.'
short: M. Freire, M. Bhargava, C. Schreck, P.-A. Hugron, B. Bickel, S. Lefebvre,
Transactions on Graphics 42 (2023).
conference:
end_date: 2023-08-10
location: Los Angeles, CA, United States
name: 'SIGGRAPH: Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference'
start_date: 2023-08-06
date_created: 2023-05-22T08:37:04Z
date_published: 2023-07-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-29T10:30:49Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3592411
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '001044671300108'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a0b0ba3b36f43a94388e8824613d812a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-06-19T11:02:23Z
date_updated: 2023-06-19T11:02:23Z
file_id: '13156'
file_name: 2023_ACMToG_Freire.pdf
file_size: 78940724
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b9206bbb67af82df49b7e7cdbde3410c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-06-20T12:20:51Z
date_updated: 2023-06-20T12:20:51Z
file_id: '13157'
file_name: 2023_ACMToG_SuppMaterial_Freire.pdf
file_size: 34345905
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-06-20T12:20:51Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 42'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
keyword:
- PCB design and layout
- Mesh geometry models
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715767'
name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
Modeling'
publication: Transactions on Graphics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1557-7368
issn:
- 0730-0301
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'PCBend: Light up your 3D shapes with foldable circuit boards'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 42
year: '2023'
...