{"month":"07","date_created":"2023-08-21T10:12:35Z","publication_status":"published","publisher":"EDP Sciences","external_id":{"arxiv":["2305.06376"]},"publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202245650","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_updated":"2023-08-22T11:01:07Z","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics"],"status":"public","article_type":"original","extern":"1","_id":"14103","oa":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Observations of individual massive stars, super-luminous supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and gravitational wave events involving spectacular black hole mergers indicate that the low-metallicity Universe is fundamentally different from our own Galaxy. Many transient phenomena will remain enigmatic until we achieve a firm understanding of the physics and evolution of massive stars at low metallicity (Z). The Hubble Space Telescope has devoted 500 orbits to observing ∼250 massive stars at low Z in the ultraviolet (UV) with the COS and STIS spectrographs under the ULLYSES programme. The complementary X-Shooting ULLYSES (XShootU) project provides an enhanced legacy value with high-quality optical and near-infrared spectra obtained with the wide-wavelength coverage X-shooter spectrograph at ESO’s Very Large Telescope. We present an overview of the XShootU project, showing that combining ULLYSES UV and XShootU optical spectra is critical for the uniform determination of stellar parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, luminosity, and abundances, as well as wind properties such as mass-loss rates as a function of Z. As uncertainties in stellar and wind parameters percolate into many adjacent areas of astrophysics, the data and modelling of the XShootU project is expected to be a game changer for our physical understanding of massive stars at low Z. To be able to confidently interpret James Webb Space Telescope spectra of the first stellar generations, the individual spectra of low-Z stars need to be understood, which is exactly where XShootU can deliver."}],"year":"2023","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"01","author":[{"first_name":"Jorick S.","last_name":"Vink","full_name":"Vink, Jorick S."},{"last_name":"Mehner","first_name":"A.","full_name":"Mehner, A."},{"full_name":"Crowther, P. A.","last_name":"Crowther","first_name":"P. A."},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Fullerton","full_name":"Fullerton, A."},{"last_name":"Garcia","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Garcia, M."},{"full_name":"Martins, F.","first_name":"F.","last_name":"Martins"},{"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Morrell","full_name":"Morrell, N."},{"first_name":"L. M.","last_name":"Oskinova","full_name":"Oskinova, L. M."},{"first_name":"N.","last_name":"St-Louis","full_name":"St-Louis, N."},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"ud-Doula","full_name":"ud-Doula, A."},{"full_name":"Sander, A. A. C.","last_name":"Sander","first_name":"A. A. C."},{"last_name":"Sana","first_name":"H.","full_name":"Sana, H."},{"full_name":"Bouret, J.-C.","first_name":"J.-C.","last_name":"Bouret"},{"last_name":"Kubátová","first_name":"B.","full_name":"Kubátová, B."},{"full_name":"Marchant, P.","last_name":"Marchant","first_name":"P."},{"last_name":"Martins","first_name":"L. P.","full_name":"Martins, L. P."},{"full_name":"Wofford, A.","first_name":"A.","last_name":"Wofford"},{"full_name":"van Loon, J. Th.","first_name":"J. Th.","last_name":"van Loon"},{"last_name":"Grace Telford","first_name":"O.","full_name":"Grace Telford, O."},{"id":"d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d","full_name":"Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter","last_name":"Götberg","orcid":"0000-0002-6960-6911","first_name":"Ylva Louise Linsdotter"},{"first_name":"D. M.","last_name":"Bowman","full_name":"Bowman, D. M."},{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Erba","full_name":"Erba, C."},{"full_name":"Kalari, V. M.","first_name":"V. M.","last_name":"Kalari"},{"full_name":"Abdul-Masih, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Abdul-Masih"},{"last_name":"Alkousa","first_name":"T.","full_name":"Alkousa, T."},{"first_name":"F.","last_name":"Backs","full_name":"Backs, F."},{"first_name":"C. L.","last_name":"Barbosa","full_name":"Barbosa, C. L."},{"full_name":"Berlanas, S. R.","last_name":"Berlanas","first_name":"S. R."},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Bernini-Peron","full_name":"Bernini-Peron, M."},{"last_name":"Bestenlehner","first_name":"J. M.","full_name":"Bestenlehner, J. M."},{"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Blomme","full_name":"Blomme, R."},{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Bodensteiner","full_name":"Bodensteiner, J."},{"first_name":"S. A.","last_name":"Brands","full_name":"Brands, S. A."},{"first_name":"C. J.","last_name":"Evans","full_name":"Evans, C. J."},{"full_name":"David-Uraz, A.","last_name":"David-Uraz","first_name":"A."},{"first_name":"F. A.","last_name":"Driessen","full_name":"Driessen, F. A."},{"full_name":"Dsilva, K.","first_name":"K.","last_name":"Dsilva"},{"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Geen","full_name":"Geen, S."},{"last_name":"Gómez-González","first_name":"V. M. A.","full_name":"Gómez-González, V. M. A."},{"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Grassitelli","full_name":"Grassitelli, L."},{"first_name":"W.-R.","last_name":"Hamann","full_name":"Hamann, W.-R."},{"last_name":"Hawcroft","first_name":"C.","full_name":"Hawcroft, C."},{"last_name":"Herrero","first_name":"A.","full_name":"Herrero, A."},{"first_name":"E. R.","last_name":"Higgins","full_name":"Higgins, E. R."},{"full_name":"John Hillier, D.","last_name":"John Hillier","first_name":"D."},{"full_name":"Ignace, R.","first_name":"R.","last_name":"Ignace"},{"last_name":"Istrate","first_name":"A. G.","full_name":"Istrate, A. G."},{"last_name":"Kaper","first_name":"L.","full_name":"Kaper, L."},{"first_name":"N. D.","last_name":"Kee","full_name":"Kee, N. D."},{"full_name":"Kehrig, C.","last_name":"Kehrig","first_name":"C."},{"full_name":"Keszthelyi, Z.","last_name":"Keszthelyi","first_name":"Z."},{"full_name":"Klencki, J.","first_name":"J.","last_name":"Klencki"},{"full_name":"de Koter, A.","last_name":"de Koter","first_name":"A."},{"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Kuiper","full_name":"Kuiper, R."},{"full_name":"Laplace, E.","first_name":"E.","last_name":"Laplace"},{"first_name":"C. J. K.","last_name":"Larkin","full_name":"Larkin, C. J. K."},{"full_name":"Lefever, R. R.","last_name":"Lefever","first_name":"R. R."},{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Leitherer","full_name":"Leitherer, C."},{"full_name":"Lennon, D. J.","first_name":"D. J.","last_name":"Lennon"},{"full_name":"Mahy, L.","first_name":"L.","last_name":"Mahy"},{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Maíz Apellániz","full_name":"Maíz Apellániz, J."},{"full_name":"Maravelias, G.","first_name":"G.","last_name":"Maravelias"},{"full_name":"Marcolino, W.","first_name":"W.","last_name":"Marcolino"},{"full_name":"McLeod, A. F.","last_name":"McLeod","first_name":"A. F."},{"full_name":"de Mink, S. E.","last_name":"de Mink","first_name":"S. E."},{"full_name":"Najarro, F.","first_name":"F.","last_name":"Najarro"},{"first_name":"M. S.","last_name":"Oey","full_name":"Oey, M. S."},{"first_name":"T. N.","last_name":"Parsons","full_name":"Parsons, T. N."},{"full_name":"Pauli, D.","first_name":"D.","last_name":"Pauli"},{"last_name":"Pedersen","first_name":"M. G.","full_name":"Pedersen, M. G."},{"full_name":"Prinja, R. K.","first_name":"R. K.","last_name":"Prinja"},{"first_name":"V.","last_name":"Ramachandran","full_name":"Ramachandran, V."},{"last_name":"Ramírez-Tannus","first_name":"M. C.","full_name":"Ramírez-Tannus, M. C."},{"last_name":"Sabhahit","first_name":"G. N.","full_name":"Sabhahit, G. N."},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Schootemeijer","full_name":"Schootemeijer, A."},{"full_name":"Reyero Serantes, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"Reyero Serantes"},{"last_name":"Shenar","first_name":"T.","full_name":"Shenar, T."},{"full_name":"Stringfellow, G. S.","last_name":"Stringfellow","first_name":"G. S."},{"full_name":"Sudnik, N.","last_name":"Sudnik","first_name":"N."},{"last_name":"Tramper","first_name":"F.","full_name":"Tramper, F."},{"last_name":"Wang","first_name":"L.","full_name":"Wang, L."}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650","open_access":"1"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":"       675","citation":{"ieee":"J. S. Vink <i>et al.</i>, “X-shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. I. Project description,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 675. EDP Sciences, 2023.","ama":"Vink JS, Mehner A, Crowther PA, et al. X-shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. I. Project description. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2023;675. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650\">10.1051/0004-6361/202245650</a>","apa":"Vink, J. S., Mehner, A., Crowther, P. A., Fullerton, A., Garcia, M., Martins, F., … Wang, L. (2023). X-shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. I. Project description. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650</a>","chicago":"Vink, Jorick S., A. Mehner, P. A. Crowther, A. Fullerton, M. Garcia, F. Martins, N. Morrell, et al. “X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive Stars at Low Metallicity. I. Project Description.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650</a>.","short":"J.S. Vink, A. Mehner, P.A. Crowther, A. Fullerton, M. Garcia, F. Martins, N. Morrell, L.M. Oskinova, N. St-Louis, A. ud-Doula, A.A.C. Sander, H. Sana, J.-C. Bouret, B. Kubátová, P. Marchant, L.P. Martins, A. Wofford, J.T. van Loon, O. Grace Telford, Y.L.L. Götberg, D.M. Bowman, C. Erba, V.M. Kalari, M. Abdul-Masih, T. Alkousa, F. Backs, C.L. Barbosa, S.R. Berlanas, M. Bernini-Peron, J.M. Bestenlehner, R. Blomme, J. Bodensteiner, S.A. Brands, C.J. Evans, A. David-Uraz, F.A. Driessen, K. Dsilva, S. Geen, V.M.A. Gómez-González, L. Grassitelli, W.-R. Hamann, C. Hawcroft, A. Herrero, E.R. Higgins, D. John Hillier, R. Ignace, A.G. Istrate, L. Kaper, N.D. Kee, C. Kehrig, Z. Keszthelyi, J. Klencki, A. de Koter, R. Kuiper, E. Laplace, C.J.K. Larkin, R.R. Lefever, C. Leitherer, D.J. Lennon, L. Mahy, J. Maíz Apellániz, G. Maravelias, W. Marcolino, A.F. McLeod, S.E. de Mink, F. Najarro, M.S. Oey, T.N. Parsons, D. Pauli, M.G. Pedersen, R.K. Prinja, V. Ramachandran, M.C. Ramírez-Tannus, G.N. Sabhahit, A. Schootemeijer, S. Reyero Serantes, T. Shenar, G.S. Stringfellow, N. Sudnik, F. Tramper, L. Wang, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 675 (2023).","mla":"Vink, Jorick S., et al. “X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive Stars at Low Metallicity. I. Project Description.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 675, A154, EDP Sciences, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245650\">10.1051/0004-6361/202245650</a>.","ista":"Vink JS, Mehner A, Crowther PA, Fullerton A, Garcia M, Martins F, Morrell N, Oskinova LM, St-Louis N, ud-Doula A, Sander AAC, Sana H, Bouret J-C, Kubátová B, Marchant P, Martins LP, Wofford A, van Loon JT, Grace Telford O, Götberg YLL, Bowman DM, Erba C, Kalari VM, Abdul-Masih M, Alkousa T, Backs F, Barbosa CL, Berlanas SR, Bernini-Peron M, Bestenlehner JM, Blomme R, Bodensteiner J, Brands SA, Evans CJ, David-Uraz A, Driessen FA, Dsilva K, Geen S, Gómez-González VMA, Grassitelli L, Hamann W-R, Hawcroft C, Herrero A, Higgins ER, John Hillier D, Ignace R, Istrate AG, Kaper L, Kee ND, Kehrig C, Keszthelyi Z, Klencki J, de Koter A, Kuiper R, Laplace E, Larkin CJK, Lefever RR, Leitherer C, Lennon DJ, Mahy L, Maíz Apellániz J, Maravelias G, Marcolino W, McLeod AF, de Mink SE, Najarro F, Oey MS, Parsons TN, Pauli D, Pedersen MG, Prinja RK, Ramachandran V, Ramírez-Tannus MC, Sabhahit GN, Schootemeijer A, Reyero Serantes S, Shenar T, Stringfellow GS, Sudnik N, Tramper F, Wang L. 2023. X-shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. I. Project description. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 675, A154."},"title":"X-shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity. I. Project description","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-6361"],"eissn":["1432-0746"]},"article_number":"A154","quality_controlled":"1","volume":675,"date_published":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1"}