The impact of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation: From micro- to macroevolution Lucek, Kay Giménez, Mabel D. Joron, Mathieu Rafajlović, Marina Searle, Jeremy B. Walden, Nora Westram, Anja M ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-4969 Faria, Rui General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology ddc:570 Chromosomal rearrangements (CRs) have been known since almost the beginning of genetics. While an important role for CRs in speciation has been suggested, evidence primarily stems from theoretical and empirical studies focusing on the microevolutionary level (i.e., on taxon pairs where speciation is often incomplete). Although the role of CRs in eukaryotic speciation at a macroevolutionary level has been supported by associations between species diversity and rates of evolution of CRs across phylogenies, these findings are limited to a restricted range of CRs and taxa. Now that more broadly applicable and precise CR detection approaches have become available, we address the challenges in filling some of the conceptual and empirical gaps between micro- and macroevolutionary studies on the role of CRs in speciation. We synthesize what is known about the macroevolutionary impact of CRs and suggest new research avenues to overcome the pitfalls of previous studies to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary significance of CRs in speciation across the tree of life. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/article doc-type:article text http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/14742 Lucek K, Giménez MD, Joron M, et al. The impact of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation: From micro- to macroevolution. <i>Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology</i>. 2023;15(11). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a041447">10.1101/cshperspect.a041447</a> eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1101/cshperspect.a041447 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1943-0264 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001096272600001 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37604585 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess