---
_id: '15273'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Synapses of glutamatergic mossy fibers (MFs) onto cerebellar unipolar brush
    cells (UBCs) generate slow excitatory (ON) or inhibitory (OFF) postsynaptic responses
    dependent on the complement of glutamate receptors expressed on the UBC’s large
    dendritic brush. Using mouse brain slice recording and computational modeling
    of synaptic transmission, we found that substantial glutamate is maintained in
    the UBC synaptic cleft, sufficient to modify spontaneous firing in OFF UBCs and
    tonically desensitize AMPARs of ON UBCs. The source of this ambient glutamate
    was spontaneous, spike-independent exocytosis from the MF terminal, and its level
    was dependent on activity of glutamate transporters EAAT1–2. Increasing levels
    of ambient glutamate shifted the polarity of evoked synaptic responses in ON UBCs
    and altered the phase of responses to in vivo-like synaptic activity. Unlike classical
    fast synapses, receptors at the UBC synapse are virtually always exposed to a
    significant level of glutamate, which varies in a graded manner during transmission.
article_number: e63819
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Timothy S
  full_name: Balmer, Timothy S
  last_name: Balmer
- first_name: Carolina
  full_name: Borges Merjane, Carolina
  id: 4305C450-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Borges Merjane
  orcid: 0000-0003-0005-401X
- first_name: Laurence O
  full_name: Trussell, Laurence O
  last_name: Trussell
citation:
  ama: Balmer TS, Borges Merjane C, Trussell LO. Incomplete removal of extracellular
    glutamate controls synaptic transmission and integration at a cerebellar synapse.
    <i>eLife</i>. 2021;10. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819">10.7554/elife.63819</a>
  apa: Balmer, T. S., Borges Merjane, C., &#38; Trussell, L. O. (2021). Incomplete
    removal of extracellular glutamate controls synaptic transmission and integration
    at a cerebellar synapse. <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819</a>
  chicago: Balmer, Timothy S, Carolina Borges Merjane, and Laurence O Trussell. “Incomplete
    Removal of Extracellular Glutamate Controls Synaptic Transmission and Integration
    at a Cerebellar Synapse.” <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications, 2021. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819</a>.
  ieee: T. S. Balmer, C. Borges Merjane, and L. O. Trussell, “Incomplete removal of
    extracellular glutamate controls synaptic transmission and integration at a cerebellar
    synapse,” <i>eLife</i>, vol. 10. eLife Sciences Publications, 2021.
  ista: Balmer TS, Borges Merjane C, Trussell LO. 2021. Incomplete removal of extracellular
    glutamate controls synaptic transmission and integration at a cerebellar synapse.
    eLife. 10, e63819.
  mla: Balmer, Timothy S., et al. “Incomplete Removal of Extracellular Glutamate Controls
    Synaptic Transmission and Integration at a Cerebellar Synapse.” <i>ELife</i>,
    vol. 10, e63819, eLife Sciences Publications, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.63819">10.7554/elife.63819</a>.
  short: T.S. Balmer, C. Borges Merjane, L.O. Trussell, ELife 10 (2021).
date_created: 2024-04-03T07:58:11Z
date_published: 2021-02-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-04-09T11:15:01Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.7554/elife.63819
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '33616036'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: bbd4de2e54b7fbc11fba14f59e87fe3f
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2024-04-09T11:13:07Z
  date_updated: 2024-04-09T11:13:07Z
  file_id: '15307'
  file_name: 2021_eLife_Balmer.pdf
  file_size: 6997954
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-04-09T11:13:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        10'
keyword:
- General Immunology and Microbiology
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Medicine
- General Neuroscience
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: eLife
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2050-084X
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Incomplete removal of extracellular glutamate controls synaptic transmission
  and integration at a cerebellar synapse
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10
year: '2021'
...