Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization

article Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization published yes Lukas Hörmayer author 2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0001-8295-2926 Juan C Montesinos López author 310A8E3E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0001-9179-6099 N Trozzi author Leonhard Spona author b52391fb-f636-11ee-939c-8a8c47552e8a Saiko Yoshida author 2E46069C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 Petra Marhavá author 44E59624-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 Silvia Caballero Mancebo author 2F1E1758-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-5223-3346 Eva Benková author 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-8510-9739 Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg author 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-0912-4566 Y Dagdas author M Majda author Jiří Friml author 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-8302-7596 JiFr department EvBe department CaHe department Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants project RNA-directed DNA methylation in plant development project Plant morphogenesis relies exclusively on oriented cell expansion and division. Nonetheless, the mechanism(s) determining division plane orientation remain elusive. Here, we studied tissue healing after laser-assisted wounding in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana and uncovered how mechanical forces stabilize and reorient the microtubule cytoskeleton for the orientation of cell division. We identified that root tissue functions as an interconnected cell matrix, with a radial gradient of tissue extendibility causing predictable tissue deformation after wounding. This deformation causes instant redirection of expansion in the surrounding cells and reorientation of microtubule arrays, ultimately predicting cell division orientation. Microtubules are destabilized under low tension, whereas stretching of cells, either through wounding or external aspiration, immediately induces their polymerization. The higher microtubule abundance in the stretched cell parts leads to the reorientation of microtubule arrays and, ultimately, informs cell division planes. This provides a long-sought mechanism for flexible re-arrangement of cell divisions by mechanical forces for tissue reconstruction and plant architecture. https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/15301/17452/2024_DevelopmentalCell_Hoermayer.pdf application/pdfno Elsevier2024 eng Developmental Cell 1534-5807 1878-1551 38579717 00130158460000110.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009 59101333-1344.e4 https://ista.ac.at/en/news/how-plants-heal-wounds/ L. Hörmayer, J.C. Montesinos López, N. Trozzi, L. Spona, S. Yoshida, P. Marhavá, S. Caballero Mancebo, E. Benková, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Dagdas, M. Majda, J. Friml, Developmental Cell 59 (2024) 1333–1344.e4. L. Hörmayer et al., “Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization,” Developmental Cell, vol. 59, no. 10. Elsevier, p. 1333–1344.e4, 2024. Hörmayer L, Montesinos López JC, Trozzi N, Spona L, Yoshida S, Marhavá P, Caballero Mancebo S, Benková E, Heisenberg C-PJ, Dagdas Y, Majda M, Friml J. 2024. Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. Developmental Cell. 59(10), 1333–1344.e4. Hörmayer L, Montesinos López JC, Trozzi N, et al. Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. Developmental Cell. 2024;59(10):1333-1344.e4. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a> Hörmayer, Lukas, et al. “Mechanical Forces in Plant Tissue Matrix Orient Cell Divisions via Microtubule Stabilization.” Developmental Cell, vol. 59, no. 10, Elsevier, 2024, p. 1333–1344.e4, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>. Hörmayer, L., Montesinos López, J. C., Trozzi, N., Spona, L., Yoshida, S., Marhavá, P., … Friml, J. (2024). Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. Developmental Cell. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a> Hörmayer, Lukas, Juan C Montesinos López, N Trozzi, Leonhard Spona, Saiko Yoshida, Petra Marhavá, Silvia Caballero Mancebo, et al. “Mechanical Forces in Plant Tissue Matrix Orient Cell Divisions via Microtubule Stabilization.” Developmental Cell. Elsevier, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>. 153012024-04-08T12:07:57Z2025-09-04T13:32:08Z