---
_id: '17571'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The existence of 109 M⊙ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the first
    billion years of the Universe remains a puzzle in our conventional understanding
    of black hole formation and growth. Several suggested formation pathways for these
    SMBHs lead to a heavy seed, with an initial black hole mass of 104–106 M⊙. This
    can lead to an overly massive BH galaxy (OMBG), whose nuclear black hole’s mass
    is comparable to or even greater than the surrounding stellar mass: the black
    hole to stellar mass ratio is Mbh/M* ≫ 10−3, well in excess of the typical values
    at lower redshift. We investigate how long these newborn BHs remain outliers in
    the Mbh − M* relation, by exploring the subsequent evolution of two OMBGs previously
    identified in the Renaissance simulations. We find that both OMBGs have Mbh/M*
    > 1 during their entire life, from their birth at z ≈ 15 until they merge
    with much more massive haloes at z ≈ 8. We find that the OMBGs are spatially resolvable
    from their more massive, 1011 M⊙, neighbouring haloes until their mergers are
    complete at z ≈ 8. This affords a window for future observations with JWST and
    sensitive X-ray telescopes to diagnose the heavy-seed scenario, by detecting similar
    OMBGs and establishing their uniquely high black hole-to-stellar mass ratio.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Matthew T
  full_name: Scoggins, Matthew T
  last_name: Scoggins
- first_name: Zoltán
  full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
  id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
  last_name: Haiman
- first_name: John H
  full_name: Wise, John H
  last_name: Wise
citation:
  ama: Scoggins MT, Haiman Z, Wise JH. How long do high redshift massive black hole
    seeds remain outliers in black hole versus host galaxy relations? <i>Monthly Notices
    of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2022;519(2):2155-2168. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715">10.1093/mnras/stac3715</a>
  apa: Scoggins, M. T., Haiman, Z., &#38; Wise, J. H. (2022). How long do high redshift
    massive black hole seeds remain outliers in black hole versus host galaxy relations?
    <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715</a>
  chicago: Scoggins, Matthew T, Zoltán Haiman, and John H Wise. “How Long Do High
    Redshift Massive Black Hole Seeds Remain Outliers in Black Hole versus Host Galaxy
    Relations?” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University
    Press, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715</a>.
  ieee: M. T. Scoggins, Z. Haiman, and J. H. Wise, “How long do high redshift massive
    black hole seeds remain outliers in black hole versus host galaxy relations?,”
    <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 519, no. 2. Oxford
    University Press, pp. 2155–2168, 2022.
  ista: Scoggins MT, Haiman Z, Wise JH. 2022. How long do high redshift massive black
    hole seeds remain outliers in black hole versus host galaxy relations? Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 519(2), 2155–2168.
  mla: Scoggins, Matthew T., et al. “How Long Do High Redshift Massive Black Hole
    Seeds Remain Outliers in Black Hole versus Host Galaxy Relations?” <i>Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 519, no. 2, Oxford University
    Press, 2022, pp. 2155–68, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715">10.1093/mnras/stac3715</a>.
  short: M.T. Scoggins, Z. Haiman, J.H. Wise, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society 519 (2022) 2155–2168.
date_created: 2024-09-05T12:14:22Z
date_published: 2022-12-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-19T07:18:22Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac3715
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715
intvolume: '       519'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3715
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2155-2168
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
  - 1365-2966
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: How long do high redshift massive black hole seeds remain outliers in black
  hole versus host galaxy relations?
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 519
year: '2022'
...