---
_id: '17590'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Close encounters between stellar-mass black holes (BHs) and stars occur frequently
    in dense star clusters and in the disks of active galactic nuclei. Recent studies
    have shown that in highly eccentric close encounters, the star can be tidally
    disrupted by the BH in a microtidal disruption event (microTDE), resulting in
    rapid mass accretion and possibly bright electromagnetic signatures. Here we consider
    a scenario in which the star might approach the stellar-mass BH in a gradual,
    nearly circular inspiral, under the influence of dynamical friction in a circum-binary
    gas disk or three-body interactions in a star cluster. We perform hydrodynamics
    simulations of this scenario using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code PHANTOM.
    We find that under certain circumstances (for initial eccentricity e0 ≳ 0.4 and
    penetration factor β = 1, or e0 < 0.4 and β ≲ 0.67), the mass of the star is slowly
    stripped away by the BH. We call this gradual tidal disruption a "tidal-peeling
    event." Additionally, we discover that some low-eccentricity microTDEs (e0 < 0.4
    and β = 1) are a new form of fast luminous transients similar to parabolic microTDEs.
    Depending on the initial distance and eccentricity of the encounter, these low-eccentricity
    microTDEs might exhibit significant accretion rates and orbital evolution distinct
    from those of a typical (eccentric) microTDE.
article_number: '149'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Chengcheng
  full_name: Xin, Chengcheng
  last_name: Xin
- first_name: Zoltán
  full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
  id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
  last_name: Haiman
- first_name: Rosalba
  full_name: Perna, Rosalba
  last_name: Perna
- first_name: Yihan
  full_name: Wang, Yihan
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Taeho
  full_name: Ryu, Taeho
  last_name: Ryu
citation:
  ama: 'Xin C, Haiman Z, Perna R, Wang Y, Ryu T. “Tidal Peeling Events”: Low-eccentricity
    tidal disruption of a star by a stellar-mass black hole. <i>The Astrophysical
    Journal</i>. 2024;961(2). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3">10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3</a>'
  apa: 'Xin, C., Haiman, Z., Perna, R., Wang, Y., &#38; Ryu, T. (2024). “Tidal Peeling
    Events”: Low-eccentricity tidal disruption of a star by a stellar-mass black hole.
    <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3</a>'
  chicago: 'Xin, Chengcheng, Zoltán Haiman, Rosalba Perna, Yihan Wang, and Taeho Ryu.
    “‘Tidal Peeling Events’: Low-Eccentricity Tidal Disruption of a Star by a Stellar-Mass
    Black Hole.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society,
    2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. Xin, Z. Haiman, R. Perna, Y. Wang, and T. Ryu, “‘Tidal Peeling Events’:
    Low-eccentricity tidal disruption of a star by a stellar-mass black hole,” <i>The
    Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 961, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, 2024.'
  ista: 'Xin C, Haiman Z, Perna R, Wang Y, Ryu T. 2024. “Tidal Peeling Events”: Low-eccentricity
    tidal disruption of a star by a stellar-mass black hole. The Astrophysical Journal.
    961(2), 149.'
  mla: 'Xin, Chengcheng, et al. “‘Tidal Peeling Events’: Low-Eccentricity Tidal Disruption
    of a Star by a Stellar-Mass Black Hole.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol.
    961, no. 2, 149, American Astronomical Society, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3">10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3</a>.'
  short: C. Xin, Z. Haiman, R. Perna, Y. Wang, T. Ryu, The Astrophysical Journal 961
    (2024).
date_created: 2024-09-05T12:36:41Z
date_published: 2024-01-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-19T12:21:53Z
day: '22'
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       961'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad11d3
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0004-637X
  - 1538-4357
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: '“Tidal Peeling Events”: Low-eccentricity tidal disruption of a star by a stellar-mass
  black hole'
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 961
year: '2024'
...