---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - The largest observed supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have a mass of M_BH ~ 10^{10}
    M_sun, nearly independent of redshift, from the local (z~0) to the early (z>6)
    Universe. We suggest that the growth of SMBHs above a few 10^{10} M_sun is prevented
    by small-scale accretion physics, independent of the properties of their host
    galaxies or of cosmology. Growing more massive BHs requires a gas supply rate
    from galactic scales onto a nuclear region as high as >10^3 M_sun/yr. At such
    a high accretion rate, most of the gas converts to stars at large radii (~10-100
    pc), well before reaching the BH. We adopt a simple model (Thompson et al. 2005)
    for a star-forming accretion disk, and find that the accretion rate in the sub-pc
    nuclear region is reduced to the smaller value of at most a few M_sun/yr. This
    prevents SMBHs from growing above ~10^{11} M_sun in the age of the Universe. Furthermore,
    once a SMBH reaches a sufficiently high mass, this rate falls below the critical
    value at which the accretion flow becomes advection dominated. Once this transition
    occurs, BH feeding can be suppressed by strong outflows and jets from hot gas
    near the BH. We find that the maximum SMBH mass, given by this transition, is
    between M_{BH,max} ~ (1-6) * 10^{10} M_sun, depending primarily on the efficiency
    of angular momentum transfer inside the galactic disk, and not on other properties
    of the host galaxy.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Kohei
      foaf_name: Inayoshi, Kohei
      foaf_surname: Inayoshi
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Zoltán
      foaf_name: Haiman, Zoltán
      foaf_surname: Haiman
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
  bibo_doi: 10.3847/0004-637x/828/2/110
  bibo_issue: '2'
  bibo_volume: 828
  dct_date: 2016^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0004-637X
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1538-4357
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: American Astronomical Society@
  dct_title: Is there a maximum mass for black holes in galactic nuclei?@
...