{"article_type":"original","date_published":"2018-08-20T00:00:00Z","issue":"2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","day":"20","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1805.05334"}],"date_created":"2024-09-06T07:18:03Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","author":[{"first_name":"Kohei","full_name":"Inayoshi, Kohei","last_name":"Inayoshi"},{"full_name":"Ichikawa, Kohei","first_name":"Kohei","last_name":"Ichikawa"},{"first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36"}],"type":"journal_article","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","article_number":"L36","date_updated":"2024-09-24T11:47:28Z","citation":{"mla":"Inayoshi, Kohei, et al. “Gravitational Waves from Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 863, no. 2, L36, American Astronomical Society, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad\">10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad</a>.","ista":"Inayoshi K, Ichikawa K, Haiman Z. 2018. Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 863(2), L36.","ieee":"K. Inayoshi, K. Ichikawa, and Z. Haiman, “Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 863, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, 2018.","short":"K. Inayoshi, K. Ichikawa, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 863 (2018).","ama":"Inayoshi K, Ichikawa K, Haiman Z. Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 2018;863(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad\">10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad</a>","chicago":"Inayoshi, Kohei, Kohei Ichikawa, and Zoltán Haiman. “Gravitational Waves from Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad</a>.","apa":"Inayoshi, K., Ichikawa, K., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2018). Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad</a>"},"oa_version":"Preprint","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","year":"2018","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-8205","2041-8213"]},"doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","month":"08","oa":1,"title":"Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies","volume":863,"extern":"1","_id":"17640","article_processing_charge":"No","external_id":{"arxiv":["1805.05334"]},"publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Gravitational waves (GWs) in the nano-hertz band are great tools for understanding the cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. We consider SMBH binaries in high-z ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) as sources of a stochastic GW background (GWB). ULIRGs are likely associated with gas-rich galaxy mergers containing SMBHs that possibly occur at most once in the life of galaxies, unlike multiple dry mergers at low redshift. Adopting a well-established sample of ULIRGs, we study the properties of the GWB due to coalescing binary SMBHs in these galaxies. Since the ULIRG population peaks at z>1.5, the amplitude of the GWB is not affected even if BH mergers are delayed by as long as ∼ 10 Gyrs. Despite the rarity of the high-z ULIRGs, we find a tension with the upper limits from Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments. This result suggests that if a fraction fm,gal of ULIRGs are associated with SMBH binaries, then no more than 20fm,gal(λEdd/0.3)5/3(tlife/30 Myr) % of the binary SMBHs in ULIRGs can merge within a Hubble time, for plausible values of the Eddington ratio of ULIRGs (λEdd) and their lifetime (tlife)."}],"intvolume":"       863"}