---
_id: '17747'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Dark Energy dominates the mass-energy content of the universe (about 73%)
but we do not understand it. Most of the remainder of the Universe consists of
Dark Matter (23%), made of an unknown particle. The problem of the origin of Dark
Energy has become the biggest problem in astrophysics and one of the biggest problems
in all of science. The major extant X-ray observatories, the Chandra X-ray Observatory
and XMM-Newton, do not have the ability to perform large-area surveys of the sky.
But Dark Energy is smoothly distributed throughout the universe and the whole
universe is needed to study it. There are two basic methods to explore the properties
of Dark Energy, viz. geometrical tests (supernovae) and studies of the way in
which Dark Energy has influenced the large scale structure of the universe and
its evolution. DUO will use the latter method, employing the copious X-ray emission
from clusters of galaxies. Clusters of galaxies offer an ideal probe of cosmology
because they are the best tracers of Dark Matter and their distribution on very
large scales is dominated by the Dark Energy. In order to take the next step in
understanding Dark Energy, viz. the measurement of the 'equation of state' parameter
'w', an X-ray telescope following the design of ABRIXAS will be accommodated into
a Small Explorer mission in lowearth orbit. The telescope will perform a scan
of 6,000 sq. degs. in the area of sky covered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(North), together with a deeper, smaller survey in the Southern hemisphere. DUO
will detect 10.000 clusters of galaxies, measure the number density of clusters
as a function of cosmic time, and the power spectrum of density fluctuations out
to a redshift exceeding one. When combined with the spectrum of density fluctuations
in the Cosmic Microwave Background from a redshift of 1100, this will provide
a powerful lever arm for the crucial measurement of cosmological parameters.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Richard
full_name: Griffiths, Richard
last_name: Griffiths
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Petre, Robert
last_name: Petre
- first_name: Guenther
full_name: Hasinger, Guenther
last_name: Hasinger
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Predehl, Peter
last_name: Predehl
- first_name: Nicholas E.
full_name: White, Nicholas E.
last_name: White
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Aschenbach, Bernd
last_name: Aschenbach
- first_name: Xavier
full_name: Barcons, Xavier
last_name: Barcons
- first_name: Hans
full_name: Bohringer, Hans
last_name: Bohringer
- first_name: Ulrich G.
full_name: Briel, Ulrich G.
last_name: Briel
- first_name: Lynn
full_name: Cominsky, Lynn
last_name: Cominsky
- first_name: Michael F.
full_name: Corcoran, Michael F.
last_name: Corcoran
- first_name: Udo
full_name: Dinger, Udo
last_name: Dinger
- first_name: Wilhelm J.
full_name: Egle, Wilhelm J.
last_name: Egle
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Friedrich, Peter
last_name: Friedrich
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Hartmann, Robert
last_name: Hartmann
- first_name: J. Patrick
full_name: Henry, J. Patrick
last_name: Henry
- first_name: Horst
full_name: Hippmann, Horst
last_name: Hippmann
- first_name: Jim
full_name: Ingersoll, Jim
last_name: Ingersoll
- first_name: Keith
full_name: Jahoda, Keith
last_name: Jahoda
- first_name: Del T.
full_name: Jenstrom, Del T.
last_name: Jenstrom
- first_name: Steven
full_name: Jordan, Steven
last_name: Jordan
- first_name: Eckhard
full_name: Kendziorra, Eckhard
last_name: Kendziorra
- first_name: "G\x92nther"
full_name: "Kettenring, G\x92nther"
last_name: Kettenring
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Kink, Walter
last_name: Kink
- first_name: Norbert
full_name: Meidinger, Norbert
last_name: Meidinger
- first_name: Takamitsu
full_name: Miyaji, Takamitsu
last_name: Miyaji
- first_name: Joseph
full_name: Mohr, Joseph
last_name: Mohr
- first_name: Siegfried
full_name: Mueller, Siegfried
last_name: Mueller
- first_name: Richard F.
full_name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
last_name: Mushotzky
- first_name: Elmar
full_name: Pfeffermann, Elmar
last_name: Pfeffermann
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Schuecker, Peter
last_name: Schuecker
- first_name: Axel
full_name: Schwope, Axel
last_name: Schwope
- first_name: Mark
full_name: Shannon, Mark
last_name: Shannon
- first_name: Lothar
full_name: Strueder, Lothar
last_name: Strueder
- first_name: Steven J.
full_name: Varlese, Steven J.
last_name: Varlese
citation:
ama: 'Griffiths R, Petre R, Hasinger G, et al. DUO: The dark universe observatory.
In: Hasinger G, Turner MJL, eds. SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation.
Vol 5488. SPIE; 2004. doi:10.1117/12.552171'
apa: 'Griffiths, R., Petre, R., Hasinger, G., Predehl, P., White, N. E., Aschenbach,
B., … Varlese, S. J. (2004). DUO: The dark universe observatory. In G. Hasinger
& M. J. L. Turner (Eds.), SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
(Vol. 5488). Glasgow, United Kingdom: SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552171'
chicago: 'Griffiths, Richard, Robert Petre, Guenther Hasinger, Peter Predehl, Nicholas
E. White, Bernd Aschenbach, Xavier Barcons, et al. “DUO: The Dark Universe Observatory.”
In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Guenther Hasinger
and Martin J. L. Turner, Vol. 5488. SPIE, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552171.'
ieee: 'R. Griffiths et al., “DUO: The dark universe observatory,” in SPIE
Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2004,
vol. 5488.'
ista: 'Griffiths R, Petre R, Hasinger G, Predehl P, White NE, Aschenbach B, Barcons
X, Bohringer H, Briel UG, Cominsky L, Corcoran MF, Dinger U, Egle WJ, Friedrich
P, Haiman Z, Hartmann R, Henry JP, Hippmann H, Ingersoll J, Jahoda K, Jenstrom
DT, Jordan S, Kendziorra E, Kettenring G, Kink W, Meidinger N, Miyaji T, Mohr
J, Mueller S, Mushotzky RF, Pfeffermann E, Schuecker P, Schwope A, Shannon M,
Strueder L, Varlese SJ. 2004. DUO: The dark universe observatory. SPIE Astronomical
Telescopes + Instrumentation. UV and Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Systems vol. 5488.'
mla: 'Griffiths, Richard, et al. “DUO: The Dark Universe Observatory.” SPIE Astronomical
Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Guenther Hasinger and Martin J. L.
Turner, vol. 5488, SPIE, 2004, doi:10.1117/12.552171.'
short: R. Griffiths, R. Petre, G. Hasinger, P. Predehl, N.E. White, B. Aschenbach,
X. Barcons, H. Bohringer, U.G. Briel, L. Cominsky, M.F. Corcoran, U. Dinger, W.J.
Egle, P. Friedrich, Z. Haiman, R. Hartmann, J.P. Henry, H. Hippmann, J. Ingersoll,
K. Jahoda, D.T. Jenstrom, S. Jordan, E. Kendziorra, G. Kettenring, W. Kink, N.
Meidinger, T. Miyaji, J. Mohr, S. Mueller, R.F. Mushotzky, E. Pfeffermann, P.
Schuecker, A. Schwope, M. Shannon, L. Strueder, S.J. Varlese, in:, G. Hasinger,
M.J.L. Turner (Eds.), SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE, 2004.
conference:
end_date: 2004-06-25
location: Glasgow, United Kingdom
name: UV and Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Systems
start_date: 2004-06-21
date_created: 2024-09-06T09:35:28Z
date_published: 2004-10-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-30T07:13:16Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.1117/12.552171
editor:
- first_name: Guenther
full_name: Hasinger, Guenther
last_name: Hasinger
- first_name: Martin J. L.
full_name: Turner, Martin J. L.
last_name: Turner
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 5488'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552171
month: '10'
oa_version: None
publication: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0277-786X
publication_status: published
publisher: SPIE
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'DUO: The dark universe observatory'
type: conference
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 5488
year: '2004'
...