---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18176'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Introducing a class of SU(2) invariant quantum unitary circuits generating
    chiral transport, we examine the role of broken space-reflection and time-reversal
    symmetries on spin-transport properties. Upon adjusting parameters of local unitary
    gates, the dynamics can be either chaotic or integrable. The latter corresponds
    to a generalization of the space-time discretized (Trotterized) higher-spin quantum
    Heisenberg chain. We demonstrate that breaking of space-reflection symmetry results
    in a drift in the dynamical spin susceptibility. Remarkably, we find a universal
    drift velocity given by a simple formula, which, at zero average magnetization,
    depends only on the values of SU(2) Casimir invariants associated with local spins.
    In the integrable case, the drift velocity formula is confirmed analytically based
    on the exact solution of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations. Finally, by inspecting
    the large fluctuations of the time-integrated current between two halves of the
    system in stationary maximum-entropy states, we demonstrate violation of the Gallavotti-Cohen
    symmetry, implying that such states cannot be regarded as equilibrium ones. We
    show that the scaled cumulant generating function of the time-integrated current
    instead obeys a generalized fluctuation relation.
acknowledgement: "The authors thank Denis Bernard, Jérôme Dubail, Hosho Katsura, Kareljan
  Schoutens, and Alberto Zorzato for stimulating discussions. This work has been supported
  by: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS) under Grants No. N1-0219 (T.P., L.Z.), No.
  N1-0334 (T.P., L.Z.), No. N1-0243 (E.I.), and under Research Program P1-0402 (E.I.,
  T.P., L.Z.). European Research Council (ERC) under Consolidator Grant No. 771536—NEMO
  (L.Z.), Advanced Grant No.\r\n101096208—QUEST (T.P., L.Z.), and Starting Grant No.
  850899—NEQuM (M.L.). Simons Foundation under Simons Junior Fellowship Grant No.
  1141511 (Ž.K.). M.L. acknowledges the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics,
  which is supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-2210452. Numerical
  simulations were performed using the ITensor library [117]. "
article_number: '030356'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Lenart
  full_name: Zadnik, Lenart
  last_name: Zadnik
- first_name: Marko
  full_name: Ljubotina, Marko
  id: F75EE9BE-5C90-11EA-905D-16643DDC885E
  last_name: Ljubotina
  orcid: 0000-0003-0038-7068
- first_name: Žiga
  full_name: Krajnik, Žiga
  last_name: Krajnik
- first_name: Enej
  full_name: Ilievski, Enej
  last_name: Ilievski
- first_name: Tomaž
  full_name: Prosen, Tomaž
  last_name: Prosen
citation:
  ama: Zadnik L, Ljubotina M, Krajnik Ž, Ilievski E, Prosen T. Quantum many-body spin
    ratchets. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. 2024;5(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356">10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356</a>
  apa: Zadnik, L., Ljubotina, M., Krajnik, Ž., Ilievski, E., &#38; Prosen, T. (2024).
    Quantum many-body spin ratchets. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical Society.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356">https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356</a>
  chicago: Zadnik, Lenart, Marko Ljubotina, Žiga Krajnik, Enej Ilievski, and Tomaž
    Prosen. “Quantum Many-Body Spin Ratchets.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical
    Society, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356">https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356</a>.
  ieee: L. Zadnik, M. Ljubotina, Ž. Krajnik, E. Ilievski, and T. Prosen, “Quantum
    many-body spin ratchets,” <i>PRX Quantum</i>, vol. 5, no. 3. American Physical
    Society, 2024.
  ista: Zadnik L, Ljubotina M, Krajnik Ž, Ilievski E, Prosen T. 2024. Quantum many-body
    spin ratchets. PRX Quantum. 5(3), 030356.
  mla: Zadnik, Lenart, et al. “Quantum Many-Body Spin Ratchets.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>,
    vol. 5, no. 3, 030356, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356">10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356</a>.
  short: L. Zadnik, M. Ljubotina, Ž. Krajnik, E. Ilievski, T. Prosen, PRX Quantum
    5 (2024).
date_created: 2024-10-06T22:01:12Z
date_published: 2024-09-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T09:55:09Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MaSe
doi: 10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.030356
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2406.01571'
  isi:
  - '001327172800001'
file:
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         5'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '850899'
  name: 'Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control'
publication: PRX Quantum
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2691-3399
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantum many-body spin ratchets
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 5
year: '2024'
...