---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Bow-tie or hourglass structure is a common architectural feature found in many
    biological systems. A bow-tie in a multi-layered structure occurs when intermediate
    layers have much fewer components than the input and output layers. Examples include
    metabolism where a handful of building blocks mediate between multiple input nutrients
    and multiple output biomass components, and signaling networks where information
    from numerous receptor types passes through a small set of signaling pathways
    to regulate multiple output genes. Little is known, however, about how bow-tie
    architectures evolve. Here, we address the evolution of bow-tie architectures
    using simulations of multi-layered systems evolving to fulfill a given input-output
    goal. We find that bow-ties spontaneously evolve when the information in the evolutionary
    goal can be compressed. Mathematically speaking, bow-ties evolve when the rank
    of the input-output matrix describing the evolutionary goal is deficient. The
    maximal compression possible (the rank of the goal) determines the size of the
    narrowest part of the network—that is the bow-tie. A further requirement is that
    a process is active to reduce the number of links in the network, such as product-rule
    mutations, otherwise a non-bow-tie solution is found in the evolutionary simulations.
    This offers a mechanism to understand a common architectural principle of biological
    systems, and a way to quantitate the effective rank of the goals under which they
    evolved.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tamar
      foaf_name: Friedlander, Tamar
      foaf_surname: Friedlander
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=36A5845C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Avraham
      foaf_name: Mayo, Avraham
      foaf_surname: Mayo
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tsvi
      foaf_name: Tlusty, Tsvi
      foaf_surname: Tlusty
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Uri
      foaf_name: Alon, Uri
      foaf_surname: Alon
  bibo_doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055
  bibo_issue: '3'
  bibo_volume: 11
  dct_date: 2015^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:000352195700006
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Public Library of Science@
  dct_title: Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology@
...