--- _id: '1827' abstract: - lang: eng text: Bow-tie or hourglass structure is a common architectural feature found in many biological systems. A bow-tie in a multi-layered structure occurs when intermediate layers have much fewer components than the input and output layers. Examples include metabolism where a handful of building blocks mediate between multiple input nutrients and multiple output biomass components, and signaling networks where information from numerous receptor types passes through a small set of signaling pathways to regulate multiple output genes. Little is known, however, about how bow-tie architectures evolve. Here, we address the evolution of bow-tie architectures using simulations of multi-layered systems evolving to fulfill a given input-output goal. We find that bow-ties spontaneously evolve when the information in the evolutionary goal can be compressed. Mathematically speaking, bow-ties evolve when the rank of the input-output matrix describing the evolutionary goal is deficient. The maximal compression possible (the rank of the goal) determines the size of the narrowest part of the network—that is the bow-tie. A further requirement is that a process is active to reduce the number of links in the network, such as product-rule mutations, otherwise a non-bow-tie solution is found in the evolutionary simulations. This offers a mechanism to understand a common architectural principle of biological systems, and a way to quantitate the effective rank of the goals under which they evolved. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Tamar full_name: Friedlander, Tamar id: 36A5845C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friedlander - first_name: Avraham full_name: Mayo, Avraham last_name: Mayo - first_name: Tsvi full_name: Tlusty, Tsvi last_name: Tlusty - first_name: Uri full_name: Alon, Uri last_name: Alon citation: ama: Friedlander T, Mayo A, Tlusty T, Alon U. Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology. PLoS Computational Biology. 2015;11(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055 apa: Friedlander, T., Mayo, A., Tlusty, T., & Alon, U. (2015). Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology. PLoS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055 chicago: Friedlander, Tamar, Avraham Mayo, Tsvi Tlusty, and Uri Alon. “Evolution of Bow-Tie Architectures in Biology.” PLoS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055. ieee: T. Friedlander, A. Mayo, T. Tlusty, and U. Alon, “Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology,” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 11, no. 3. Public Library of Science, 2015. ista: Friedlander T, Mayo A, Tlusty T, Alon U. 2015. Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology. PLoS Computational Biology. 11(3). mla: Friedlander, Tamar, et al. “Evolution of Bow-Tie Architectures in Biology.” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 11, no. 3, Public Library of Science, 2015, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055. short: T. Friedlander, A. Mayo, T. Tlusty, U. Alon, PLoS Computational Biology 11 (2015). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:14Z date_published: 2015-03-23T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:07:51Z day: '23' ddc: - '576' department: - _id: GaTk doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004055 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: b8aa66f450ff8de393014b87ec7d2efb content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:15:39Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:17Z file_id: '5161' file_name: IST-2016-452-v1+1_journal.pcbi.1004055.pdf file_size: 1811647 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:17Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 11' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme publication: PLoS Computational Biology publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science publist_id: '5278' pubrep_id: '452' quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '9718' relation: research_data status: public - id: '9773' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Evolution of bow-tie architectures in biology tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 11 year: '2015' ...