---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - The current investigation presents a facile and cost-effective sol-gel approach
    for the synthesis of phase-pure multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles
    (BFO NPs) by using propylene glycol as a complexing agent, intended for use as
    a photocatalyst to efficiently degrade organic dyes in aqueous solutions under
    natural sunlight. Characterization techniques, including thermogravimetric analysis
    (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction
    (XRD), elucidated a plausible reaction pathway for the formation of phase-pure
    BFO NPs. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data, in conjunction with transmission
    electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the synthesis of single-phase
    BFO NPs at 400 °C, displaying a space group of R3c and an average crystallite
    size of 25 nm. UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy revealed an absorption
    cut-off wavelength near 590 nm, corresponding to a band gap of 2.08 eV, indicating
    the capability of BFO NPs to absorb visible light within the 400–590 nm range.
    BFO NPs have shown efficient and rapid photocatalytic degradation of methylene
    blue (MB) in acidic, neutral, and basic pH conditions under natural sunlight.
    This is attributed to the intrinsic ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ordering present
    in synthesized BFO NPs which facilitates the separation and migration of photoinduced
    charges through band bending phenomena at the interface.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Madhu
      foaf_name: Verma, Madhu
      foaf_surname: Verma
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Ajay
      foaf_name: Kumar, Ajay
      foaf_surname: Kumar
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Vijay Kumar
      foaf_name: Thakur, Vijay Kumar
      foaf_surname: Thakur
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Akanksha
      foaf_name: Maurya, Akanksha
      foaf_surname: Maurya
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Sachin
      foaf_name: Kumar, Sachin
      foaf_surname: Kumar
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Saurabh
      foaf_name: Singh, Saurabh
      foaf_surname: Singh
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=12d625da-9cb3-11ed-9667-af09d37d3f0a
    orcid: 0000-0003-2209-5269
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Simant Kumar
      foaf_name: Srivastav, Simant Kumar
      foaf_surname: Srivastav
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/s10971-024-06607-2
  bibo_volume: 113
  dct_date: 2025^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:001348590700001
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0928-0707
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1573-4846
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer Nature@
  dct_title: Efficient and rapid sunlight-driven photocatalytic degradation of methylene
    blue dye using multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles@
...