{"publication":"Lab Animal","OA_place":"publisher","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"last_name":"Lauwereyns","first_name":"Jan","full_name":"Lauwereyns, Jan"},{"last_name":"Bajramovic","first_name":"Jeffrey","full_name":"Bajramovic, Jeffrey"},{"first_name":"Bettina","full_name":"Bert, Bettina","last_name":"Bert"},{"first_name":"Samuel","full_name":"Camenzind, Samuel","last_name":"Camenzind"},{"last_name":"De Kock","first_name":"Joery","full_name":"De Kock, Joery"},{"first_name":"Alisa","full_name":"Elezović, Alisa","last_name":"Elezović"},{"first_name":"Sevilay","full_name":"Erden, Sevilay","last_name":"Erden"},{"last_name":"Gonzalez-Uarquin","first_name":"Fernando","full_name":"Gonzalez-Uarquin, Fernando"},{"last_name":"Ulman","full_name":"Ulman, Yesim Isil","first_name":"Yesim Isil"},{"last_name":"Hoffmann","first_name":"Orsolya Ivett","full_name":"Hoffmann, Orsolya Ivett"},{"last_name":"Kitsara","first_name":"Maria","full_name":"Kitsara, Maria"},{"first_name":"Nikolaos","full_name":"Kostomitsopoulos, Nikolaos","last_name":"Kostomitsopoulos"},{"last_name":"Neuhaus","full_name":"Neuhaus, Winfried","first_name":"Winfried"},{"last_name":"Petit-Demouliere","full_name":"Petit-Demouliere, Benoit","first_name":"Benoit"},{"last_name":"Pollo","full_name":"Pollo, Simone","first_name":"Simone"},{"full_name":"Riso, Brígida","first_name":"Brígida","last_name":"Riso"},{"last_name":"Schober","full_name":"Schober, Sophie","id":"80b0a0ef-4b9f-11ec-b119-8d9d94c4a1d8","first_name":"Sophie"},{"first_name":"Athanassia","full_name":"Sotiropoulos, Athanassia","last_name":"Sotiropoulos"},{"first_name":"Aurélie","full_name":"Thomas, Aurélie","last_name":"Thomas"},{"first_name":"Augusto","full_name":"Vitale, Augusto","last_name":"Vitale"},{"last_name":"Wilflingseder","first_name":"Doris","full_name":"Wilflingseder, Doris"},{"full_name":"Ahluwalia, Arti","first_name":"Arti","last_name":"Ahluwalia"}],"oa":1,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"day":"01","intvolume":"        53","year":"2024","pmid":1,"page":"347-350","article_type":"letter_note","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2","abstract":[{"text":"Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation. Despite their broad acceptance, interpretations of the 3Rs vary substantially, shaping statutory frameworks at various levels, with both technical and practical impacts.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"12","publisher":"Springer Nature","title":"Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research","publication_status":"published","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","date_created":"2024-11-24T23:01:49Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","file_date_updated":"2024-12-03T14:07:04Z","external_id":{"pmid":["39548348"]},"_id":"18587","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"ista":"Lauwereyns J, Bajramovic J, Bert B, Camenzind S, De Kock J, Elezović A, Erden S, Gonzalez-Uarquin F, Ulman YI, Hoffmann OI, Kitsara M, Kostomitsopoulos N, Neuhaus W, Petit-Demouliere B, Pollo S, Riso B, Schober S, Sotiropoulos A, Thomas A, Vitale A, Wilflingseder D, Ahluwalia A. 2024. Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research. Lab Animal. 53, 347–350.","short":"J. Lauwereyns, J. Bajramovic, B. Bert, S. Camenzind, J. De Kock, A. Elezović, S. Erden, F. Gonzalez-Uarquin, Y.I. Ulman, O.I. Hoffmann, M. Kitsara, N. Kostomitsopoulos, W. Neuhaus, B. Petit-Demouliere, S. Pollo, B. Riso, S. Schober, A. Sotiropoulos, A. Thomas, A. Vitale, D. Wilflingseder, A. Ahluwalia, Lab Animal 53 (2024) 347–350.","ama":"Lauwereyns J, Bajramovic J, Bert B, et al. Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research. <i>Lab Animal</i>. 2024;53:347-350. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2\">10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2</a>","mla":"Lauwereyns, Jan, et al. “Toward a Common Interpretation of the 3Rs Principles in Animal Research.” <i>Lab Animal</i>, vol. 53, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 347–50, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2\">10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2</a>.","apa":"Lauwereyns, J., Bajramovic, J., Bert, B., Camenzind, S., De Kock, J., Elezović, A., … Ahluwalia, A. (2024). Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research. <i>Lab Animal</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2</a>","ieee":"J. Lauwereyns <i>et al.</i>, “Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research,” <i>Lab Animal</i>, vol. 53. Springer Nature, pp. 347–350, 2024.","chicago":"Lauwereyns, Jan, Jeffrey Bajramovic, Bettina Bert, Samuel Camenzind, Joery De Kock, Alisa Elezović, Sevilay Erden, et al. “Toward a Common Interpretation of the 3Rs Principles in Animal Research.” <i>Lab Animal</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2</a>."},"has_accepted_license":"1","ddc":["570"],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0093-7355"],"eissn":["1548-4475"]},"volume":53,"department":[{"_id":"PreCl"}],"type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"This publication is based upon work from the Ethics Crossover Group within the COST Action IMPROVE (“3Rs concepts to improve the quality of biomedical science”), CA21139, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). We acknowledge the input and advice from Dr. Susanna Louhimies.","date_updated":"2024-12-03T14:09:19Z","date_published":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","file":[{"relation":"main_file","file_name":"2024_LabAnimal_Lauwereyns.pdf","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-12-03T14:07:04Z","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"67fc140f761581a291591f075e49b88d","file_size":967252,"file_id":"18614","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-12-03T14:07:04Z"}]}