---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '18739'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The first massive astrophysical black holes likely formed at high redshifts
    (z≳ 10) at the centers of low mass (~ 106 M⊙) dark matter concentrations. These
    black holes grow by mergers and gas accretion, evolve into the population of bright
    quasars observed at lower redshifts, and eventually leave the supermassive black
    hole remnants that are ubiquitous at the centers of galaxies in the nearby universe.
    The astrophysical processes responsible for the formation of the earliest seed
    black holes are poorly understood. The purpose of this review is threefold: (1)
    to describe theoretical expectations for the formation and growth of the earliest
    black holes within the general paradigm of hierarchical cold dark matter cosmologies,
    (2) to summarize several relevant recent observations that have implications for
    the formation of the earliest black holes, and (3) to look into the future and
    assess the power of forthcoming observations to probe the physics of the first
    active galactic nuclei.'
alternative_title:
- Astrophysics and Space Science Library
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Zoltán
  full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
  id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
  last_name: Haiman
  orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
- first_name: Eliot
  full_name: Quataert, Eliot
  last_name: Quataert
citation:
  ama: 'Haiman Z, Quataert E. The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive Black
    Holes. In: <i>Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe</i>. Vol 308. ASSL.
    Springer Nature; 2004:147-185. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5">10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5</a>'
  apa: Haiman, Z., &#38; Quataert, E. (2004). The Formation and Evolution of the First
    Massive Black Holes. In <i>Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe</i>
    (Vol. 308, pp. 147–185). Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5</a>
  chicago: Haiman, Zoltán, and Eliot Quataert. “The Formation and Evolution of the
    First Massive Black Holes.” In <i>Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe</i>,
    308:147–85. ASSL. Springer Nature, 2004. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5</a>.
  ieee: Z. Haiman and E. Quataert, “The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive
    Black Holes,” in <i>Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe</i>, vol.
    308, Springer Nature, 2004, pp. 147–185.
  ista: 'Haiman Z, Quataert E. 2004.The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive
    Black Holes. In: Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe. Astrophysics
    and Space Science Library, vol. 308, 147–185.'
  mla: Haiman, Zoltán, and Eliot Quataert. “The Formation and Evolution of the First
    Massive Black Holes.” <i>Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe</i>,
    vol. 308, Springer Nature, 2004, pp. 147–85, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5">10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5</a>.
  short: Z. Haiman, E. Quataert, in:, Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe,
    Springer Nature, 2004, pp. 147–185.
date_created: 2025-01-03T12:33:47Z
date_published: 2004-08-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-01-07T13:46:38Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - astro-ph/0403225
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2471-9_5
intvolume: '       308'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0403225
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 147-185
publication: Supermassive Black Holes in the Distant Universe
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '9781402024719'
  isbn:
  - '9789048166626'
  issn:
  - 0067-0057
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
series_title: ASSL
status: public
title: The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive Black Holes
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 308
year: '2004'
...