Mechanism of mammalian transcriptional repression by noncoding RNA Tluckova, Katarina Kaczmarek, Beata M Testa Salmazo, Anita P Bernecky, Carrie A ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0893-7036 ddc:570 Transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) can be repressed by noncoding RNA, including the human RNA Alu. However, the mechanism by which endogenous RNAs repress transcription remains unclear. Here we present cryogenic-electron microscopy structures of Pol II bound to Alu RNA, which reveal that Alu RNA mimics how DNA and RNA bind to Pol II during transcription elongation. Further, we show how distinct domains of the general transcription factor TFIIF control repressive activity. Together, we reveal how a noncoding RNA can regulate mammalian gene expression. Springer Nature 2025 info:eu-repo/semantics/article doc-type:article text http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/18778 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/18778/19573 Tluckova K, Kaczmarek BM, Testa Salmazo AP, Bernecky C. Mechanism of mammalian transcriptional repression by noncoding RNA. <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>. 2025;32:607-612. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01448-7">10.1038/s41594-024-01448-7</a> eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41594-024-01448-7 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1545-9993 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/e-issn/1545-9985 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001390268000001 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/39762629 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess