---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '18965'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "A thermoelectric cooler is a solid-state device that transfers heat from
    one side to another when an electrical current passes through it. This technology
    is appealing because it can provide precise and localized cooling and heating
    without using hazardous liquids or gases commonly found in traditional vapor compression
    refrigeration. These devices are compact, customizable in size, work in any orientation,
    operate noiselessly, and require minimal maintenance. Even though thermoelectric
    coolers could be transformative for many advanced thermal management applications,
    their widespread adoption is hindered by the low efficiency of the thermoelectric
    materials and costly manufacturing processes.\r\n In this work, we use extrusion-based
    3D printing techniques to fabricate high-performance thermoelectric materials
    using nanomaterial-based ink. The ink formulation is optimized to ensure structural
    integrity and particle interfacial bonding during annealing, providing p- and
    n-type materials with record-high zT values of 1.46 and 1.35 at room temperature,
    respectively. Moreover, we integrate the printed materials into a 32-pair device
    and achieve a significant cooling temperature gradient of 50 °C and a coefficient
    of performance of 3.8, comparable to best-performing thermoelectric coolers, avoiding
    material waste, and the energy-intense and inefficient steps, such as high-temperature
    synthesis, pressure-assisted sintering, and cutting and dicing ingots, commonly
    used in conventional manufacturing processes."
acknowledgement: All authors acknowledge financial support from the Werner Siemens
  Foundation
article_number: '222'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Maria
  full_name: Ibáñez, Maria
  id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ibáñez
  orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843
- first_name: Shengduo
  full_name: Xu, Shengduo
  id: 12ab8624-4c8a-11ec-9e11-e1ac2438f22f
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Sharona
  full_name: Horta, Sharona
  id: 03a7e858-01b1-11ec-8b71-99ae6c4a05bc
  last_name: Horta
- first_name: Abayomi Q
  full_name: Lawal, Abayomi Q
  id: 5bdaf946-5355-11ee-ae5a-8061700bd605
  last_name: Lawal
citation:
  ama: 'Ibáñez M, Xu S, Horta S, Lawal AQ. High-performance thermoelectric cooler
    fabricated vith extrusion-based 3D printing materials. In: <i>Proceedings of the
    Materials for Sustainable Development Conference</i>. Fundació de la comunitat
    valenciana SCITO; 2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222">10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222</a>'
  apa: 'Ibáñez, M., Xu, S., Horta, S., &#38; Lawal, A. Q. (2024). High-performance
    thermoelectric cooler fabricated vith extrusion-based 3D printing materials. In
    <i>Proceedings of the Materials for Sustainable Development Conference</i>. Lausanne,
    Switzerland: Fundació de la comunitat valenciana SCITO. <a href="https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222">https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222</a>'
  chicago: Ibáñez, Maria, Shengduo Xu, Sharona Horta, and Abayomi Q Lawal. “High-Performance
    Thermoelectric Cooler Fabricated Vith Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Materials.”
    In <i>Proceedings of the Materials for Sustainable Development Conference</i>.
    Fundació de la comunitat valenciana SCITO, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222">https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222</a>.
  ieee: M. Ibáñez, S. Xu, S. Horta, and A. Q. Lawal, “High-performance thermoelectric
    cooler fabricated vith extrusion-based 3D printing materials,” in <i>Proceedings
    of the Materials for Sustainable Development Conference</i>, Lausanne, Switzerland,
    2024.
  ista: 'Ibáñez M, Xu S, Horta S, Lawal AQ. 2024. High-performance thermoelectric
    cooler fabricated vith extrusion-based 3D printing materials. Proceedings of the
    Materials for Sustainable Development Conference. MATSUS: Materials for Sustainable
    Development Conference, 222.'
  mla: Ibáñez, Maria, et al. “High-Performance Thermoelectric Cooler Fabricated Vith
    Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Materials.” <i>Proceedings of the Materials for Sustainable
    Development Conference</i>, 222, Fundació de la comunitat valenciana SCITO, 2024,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222">10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222</a>.
  short: M. Ibáñez, S. Xu, S. Horta, A.Q. Lawal, in:, Proceedings of the Materials
    for Sustainable Development Conference, Fundació de la comunitat valenciana SCITO,
    2024.
conference:
  end_date: 2024-11-15
  location: Lausanne, Switzerland
  name: 'MATSUS: Materials for Sustainable Development Conference'
  start_date: 2024-11-12
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2025-01-29T14:41:32Z
date_published: 2024-11-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-06T13:07:24Z
day: '15'
department:
- _id: MaIb
doi: 10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusfall.2024.222
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
publication: Proceedings of the Materials for Sustainable Development Conference
publication_status: published
publisher: Fundació de la comunitat valenciana SCITO
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: High-performance thermoelectric cooler fabricated vith extrusion-based 3D printing
  materials
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...