article published yes Jacopo Bellazzini author Rupert Frank author Élliott Lieb author Robert Seiringer author 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-6781-0521 RoSe department NSERC Postdoctoral fellowship project As the nuclear charge Z is continuously decreased an N-electron atom undergoes a binding-unbinding transition. We investigate whether the electrons remain bound and whether the radius of the system stays finite as the critical value Zc is approached. Existence of a ground state at Zc is shown under the condition Zc &lt; N-K, where K is the maximal number of electrons that can be removed at Zc without changing the energy. World Scientific Publishing2014 eng 1301.5370 00032992830000410.1142/S0129055X13500219 261 Bellazzini, Jacopo, Rupert Frank, Élliott Lieb, and Robert Seiringer. “Existence of Ground States for Negative Ions at the Binding Threshold.” <i>Reviews in Mathematical Physics</i>. World Scientific Publishing, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219">https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219</a>. Bellazzini J, Frank R, Lieb É, Seiringer R. 2014. Existence of ground states for negative ions at the binding threshold. Reviews in Mathematical Physics. 26(1), 1350021. J. Bellazzini, R. Frank, É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, Reviews in Mathematical Physics 26 (2014). Bellazzini, Jacopo, et al. “Existence of Ground States for Negative Ions at the Binding Threshold.” <i>Reviews in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 26, no. 1, 1350021, World Scientific Publishing, 2014, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219">10.1142/S0129055X13500219</a>. J. Bellazzini, R. Frank, É. Lieb, and R. Seiringer, “Existence of ground states for negative ions at the binding threshold,” <i>Reviews in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 26, no. 1. World Scientific Publishing, 2014. Bellazzini, J., Frank, R., Lieb, É., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2014). Existence of ground states for negative ions at the binding threshold. <i>Reviews in Mathematical Physics</i>. World Scientific Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219">https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219</a> Bellazzini J, Frank R, Lieb É, Seiringer R. Existence of ground states for negative ions at the binding threshold. <i>Reviews in Mathematical Physics</i>. 2014;26(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129055X13500219">10.1142/S0129055X13500219</a> 19182018-12-11T11:54:42Z2025-09-29T12:19:33Z