---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - 'When two insulating, neutral materials are contacted and separated, they exchange
    electrical charge1. Experiments have long suggested that this ‘contact electrification’
    is transitive, with different materials ordering into ‘triboelectric series’ based
    on the sign of charge acquired2. At the same time, the effect is plagued by unpredictability,
    preventing consensus on the mechanism and casting doubt on the rhyme and reason
    that series imply3. Here we expose an unanticipated connection between the unpredictability
    and order in contact electrification: nominally identical materials initially
    exchange charge randomly and intransitively, but—over repeated experiments—order
    into triboelectric series. We find that this evolution is driven by the act of
    contact itself—samples with more contacts in their history charge negatively to
    ones with fewer contacts. Capturing this ‘contact bias’ in a minimal model, we
    recreate both the initial randomness and ultimate order in numerical simulations
    and use it experimentally to force the appearance of a triboelectric series of
    our choosing. With a set of surface-sensitive techniques to search for the underlying
    alterations contact creates, we only find evidence of nanoscale morphological
    changes, pointing to a mechanism strongly coupled with mechanics. Our results
    highlight the centrality of contact history in contact electrification and suggest
    that focusing on the unpredictability that has long plagued the effect may hold
    the key to understanding it.@eng'
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Juan Carlos A
      foaf_name: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A
      foaf_surname: Sobarzo Ponce
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=4B807D68-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Felix
      foaf_name: Pertl, Felix
      foaf_surname: Pertl
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af
    orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Daniel
      foaf_name: Balazs, Daniel
      foaf_surname: Balazs
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=302BADF6-85FC-11EA-9E3B-B9493DDC885E
    orcid: 0000-0001-7597-043X
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tommaso
      foaf_name: Costanzo, Tommaso
      foaf_surname: Costanzo
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=D93824F4-D9BA-11E9-BB12-F207E6697425
    orcid: 0000-0001-9732-3815
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Markus
      foaf_name: Sauer, Markus
      foaf_surname: Sauer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Annette
      foaf_name: Foelske, Annette
      foaf_surname: Foelske
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Markus
      foaf_name: Ostermann, Markus
      foaf_surname: Ostermann
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christian M.
      foaf_name: Pichler, Christian M.
      foaf_surname: Pichler
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Yongkang
      foaf_name: Wang, Yongkang
      foaf_surname: Wang
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Yuki
      foaf_name: Nagata, Yuki
      foaf_surname: Nagata
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Mischa
      foaf_name: Bonn, Mischa
      foaf_surname: Bonn
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Scott R
      foaf_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R
      foaf_surname: Waitukaitis
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
    orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176
  bibo_doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6
  bibo_issue: '8051'
  bibo_volume: 638
  dct_date: 2025^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:001428076100015
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0028-0836
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1476-4687
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer Nature@
  dct_title: Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series@
  fabio_hasPubmedId: '39972227'
...