---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Given the uncertain evolutionary status of blue supergiant stars, their multiplicity
    properties hold vital clues to better understand their origin and evolution. As
    part of The Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM) campaign in the Small Magellanic
    Cloud, we present a multi-epoch spectroscopic survey of 128 supergiant stars of
    spectral type B5–F5, which roughly correspond to initial masses in the 6–30 M⊙
    range. The observed binary fraction for the B5–9 supergiants is 25 ± 6% (10 ±
    4%) and 5 ± 2% (0%) for the A–F stars, which were found using a radial-velocity
    (RV) variability threshold of 5 km s−1 (10 km s−1) as a criterion for binarity.
    Accounting for observational biases, we find an intrinsic multiplicity fraction
    of less than 18% for the B5–9 stars and 8−7+9% for the AF stars, for the orbital
    periods up to 103.5 days and mass ratios (q) in the 0.1 < q < 1 range. The large
    stellar radii of these supergiant stars prevent short orbital periods, but we
    demonstrate that this effect alone cannot explain our results. We assessed the
    spectra and RV time series of the detected binary systems and find that only a
    small fraction display convincing solutions. We conclude that the multiplicity
    fractions are compromised by intrinsic stellar variability, such that the true
    multiplicity fraction may be significantly smaller. Our main conclusions from
    comparing the multiplicity properties of the B5–9- and AF-type supergiants to
    that of their less evolved counterparts is that such stars cannot be explained
    by a direct evolution from the main sequence. Furthermore, by comparing their
    multiplicity properties to red supergiant stars, we conclude that the AF supergiant
    stars are neither progenitors nor descendants of red supergiants.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: L. R.
      foaf_name: Patrick, L. R.
      foaf_surname: Patrick
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: D. J.
      foaf_name: Lennon, D. J.
      foaf_surname: Lennon
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: F.
      foaf_name: Najarro, F.
      foaf_surname: Najarro
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: T.
      foaf_name: Shenar, T.
      foaf_surname: Shenar
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: J.
      foaf_name: Bodensteiner, J.
      foaf_surname: Bodensteiner
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: H.
      foaf_name: Sana, H.
      foaf_surname: Sana
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: P. A.
      foaf_name: Crowther, P. A.
      foaf_surname: Crowther
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: N.
      foaf_name: Britavskiy, N.
      foaf_surname: Britavskiy
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: N.
      foaf_name: Langer, N.
      foaf_surname: Langer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A.
      foaf_name: Schootemeijer, A.
      foaf_surname: Schootemeijer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: C. J.
      foaf_name: Evans, C. J.
      foaf_surname: Evans
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: L.
      foaf_name: Mahy, L.
      foaf_surname: Mahy
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Ylva Louise Linsdotter
      foaf_name: Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter
      foaf_surname: Götberg
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d
    orcid: 0000-0002-6960-6911
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: S. E.
      foaf_name: De Mink, S. E.
      foaf_surname: De Mink
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: F. R.N.
      foaf_name: Schneider, F. R.N.
      foaf_surname: Schneider
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A. J.G.
      foaf_name: O’Grady, A. J.G.
      foaf_surname: O’Grady
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: J. I.
      foaf_name: Villaseñor, J. I.
      foaf_surname: Villaseñor
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Bernini-Peron, M.
      foaf_surname: Bernini-Peron
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: D. M.
      foaf_name: Bowman, D. M.
      foaf_surname: Bowman
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A.
      foaf_name: De Koter, A.
      foaf_surname: De Koter
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: K.
      foaf_name: Deshmukh, K.
      foaf_surname: Deshmukh
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A.
      foaf_name: Gilkis, A.
      foaf_surname: Gilkis
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: G.
      foaf_name: González-Torà, G.
      foaf_surname: González-Torà
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: V. M.
      foaf_name: Kalari, V. M.
      foaf_surname: Kalari
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Z.
      foaf_name: K̃Eszthelyi, Z.
      foaf_surname: K̃Eszthelyi
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: I.
      foaf_name: Mandel, I.
      foaf_surname: Mandel
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A.
      foaf_name: Menon, A.
      foaf_surname: Menon
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Moe, M.
      foaf_surname: Moe
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: L. M.
      foaf_name: Oskinova, L. M.
      foaf_surname: Oskinova
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: D.
      foaf_name: Pauli, D.
      foaf_surname: Pauli
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Renzo, M.
      foaf_surname: Renzo
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A. A.C.
      foaf_name: Sander, A. A.C.
      foaf_surname: Sander
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: K.
      foaf_name: Sen, K.
      foaf_surname: Sen
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Stoop, M.
      foaf_surname: Stoop
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: J. T.
      foaf_name: Van Loon, J. T.
      foaf_surname: Van Loon
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: S.
      foaf_name: Toonen, S.
      foaf_surname: Toonen
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: F.
      foaf_name: Tramper, F.
      foaf_surname: Tramper
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: J. S.
      foaf_name: Vink, J. S.
      foaf_surname: Vink
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: C.
      foaf_name: Wang, C.
      foaf_surname: Wang
  bibo_doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452949
  bibo_volume: 698
  dct_date: 2025^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:001497903100028
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0004-6361
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1432-0746
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: EDP Sciences@
  dct_title: 'Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): The multiplicity properties and
    evolution of BAF-type supergiants@'
...