{"type":"journal_article","oa":1,"day":"24","article_type":"original","DOAJ_listed":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Auxin regulates various aspects of plant growth and development by modulating the transcription of target genes through the degradation of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) repressors via the 26S proteasome. Proteasome regulator 1 (PTRE1), a positive regulator of proteasome activity, has been implicated in auxin-mediated proteasome suppression; however, the mechanism by which auxin modulates PTRE1 function remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that auxin promotes the interaction between germin-like protein 1 (GLP1) and PTRE1, facilitating PTRE1 retention at the plasma membrane. The relocation of PTRE1 results in reduced nuclear 26S proteasome activity, and thus the attenuated Aux/IAA degradation and altered Aux/IAA homeostasis, ultimately resulting in suppressed auxin-mediated transcriptional regulation. Our findings uncover a previously uncharacterized regulatory axis in auxin signaling that controls Aux/IAA protein stability, functioning alongside the TIR1- and TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE 1 (TMK1)-mediated pathways, and highlight the coordination of auxin signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus via auxin-induced PTRE1 relocation, which fine-tunes Aux/IAA protein homeostasis and auxin responses."}],"volume":44,"OA_place":"publisher","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)"},"title":"Germin-like protein 1 interacts with proteasome regulator 1 to regulate auxin signaling by controlling Aux/IAA homeostasis","date_updated":"2025-08-05T06:17:24Z","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056","oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"8","year":"2025","publication":"Cell Reports","acknowledgement":"The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; 32230011, 91954206, and 31721001). We thank Dr. Deli Lin (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) for kind help with the laser confocal microscope observation and the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (ABRC) for providing T-DNA insertional mutants.","article_processing_charge":"Yes","author":[{"full_name":"Xu, Faqing","first_name":"Faqing","last_name":"Xu"},{"full_name":"Yu, Yongqiang","first_name":"Yongqiang","last_name":"Yu"},{"last_name":"Guan","id":"56aad729-cca2-11ed-a45a-9b4138991a48","full_name":"Guan, Bin","first_name":"Bin"},{"first_name":"Tongda","full_name":"Xu, Tongda","last_name":"Xu"},{"first_name":"Zhihong","full_name":"Xu, Zhihong","last_name":"Xu"},{"first_name":"Hongwei","full_name":"Xue, Hongwei","last_name":"Xue"}],"quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"file_size":24178018,"success":1,"checksum":"3c43e040a4a7a65ec67ae1d2bb81261a","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-08-05T06:15:09Z","file_name":"2025_CellReports_Xu.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"20120","creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-08-05T06:15:09Z"}],"status":"public","publisher":"Elsevier","publication_status":"published","citation":{"apa":"Xu, F., Yu, Y., Guan, B., Xu, T., Xu, Z., &#38; Xue, H. (2025). Germin-like protein 1 interacts with proteasome regulator 1 to regulate auxin signaling by controlling Aux/IAA homeostasis. <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056</a>","mla":"Xu, Faqing, et al. “Germin-like Protein 1 Interacts with Proteasome Regulator 1 to Regulate Auxin Signaling by Controlling Aux/IAA Homeostasis.” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 44, no. 8, 116056, Elsevier, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056\">10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056</a>.","chicago":"Xu, Faqing, Yongqiang Yu, Bin Guan, Tongda Xu, Zhihong Xu, and Hongwei Xue. “Germin-like Protein 1 Interacts with Proteasome Regulator 1 to Regulate Auxin Signaling by Controlling Aux/IAA Homeostasis.” <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056</a>.","short":"F. Xu, Y. Yu, B. Guan, T. Xu, Z. Xu, H. Xue, Cell Reports 44 (2025).","ama":"Xu F, Yu Y, Guan B, Xu T, Xu Z, Xue H. Germin-like protein 1 interacts with proteasome regulator 1 to regulate auxin signaling by controlling Aux/IAA homeostasis. <i>Cell Reports</i>. 2025;44(8). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056\">10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116056</a>","ista":"Xu F, Yu Y, Guan B, Xu T, Xu Z, Xue H. 2025. Germin-like protein 1 interacts with proteasome regulator 1 to regulate auxin signaling by controlling Aux/IAA homeostasis. Cell Reports. 44(8), 116056.","ieee":"F. Xu, Y. Yu, B. Guan, T. Xu, Z. Xu, and H. Xue, “Germin-like protein 1 interacts with proteasome regulator 1 to regulate auxin signaling by controlling Aux/IAA homeostasis,” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 44, no. 8. Elsevier, 2025."},"article_number":"116056","ddc":["580"],"pmid":1,"department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"07","external_id":{"pmid":["40714631"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2211-1247"]},"intvolume":"        44","OA_type":"gold","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-08-05T06:15:09Z","date_published":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","_id":"20116","scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2025-08-04T13:39:11Z"}