{"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"abstract":[{"text":"In long-lived mammals, including humans, brain cell homeostasis is critical for maintaining brain function throughout life. Most neurons are generated during development and must maintain their cellular identity and plasticity to preserve brain function. Although extensive studies indicate the importance of recycling and regenerating cellular molecules to maintain cellular homeostasis, recent evidence has shown that some proteins and RNAs do not turn over for months and even years. We propose that these long-lived cellular molecules may be the basis for maintaining brain function in the long term, but also a potential convergent target of brain aging. We highlight key discoveries and challenges, and propose potential directions to unravel the mystery of brain cell longevity.","lang":"eng"}],"acknowledgement":"The work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) (470322152 – T1347/3-1; 497658532 – T1347/4-1; 507965872 – T1347/5-1; and 460333672 – CRC1540 Exploring Brain Mechanics) to T.T., the Schram Foundation (T.T.), the European Research Council (ERC-2018-STG, 804468 EAGER; ERC-2023-COG, 101125034 NEUTIME) to T.T., the Hans-Georg Geis und Xue Hong Dong-Geis Foundation and Forschungsstiftung Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Erlangen to T.T., and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Erlangen (Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen; P162 to T.T.). We thank Dr Laura J. Harrison for editing assistance.","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-2111-992X","id":"86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed","full_name":"Hetzer, Martin W","first_name":"Martin W","last_name":"Hetzer"},{"full_name":"Toda, Tomohisa","first_name":"Tomohisa","last_name":"Toda"}],"article_type":"original","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"20154","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","department":[{"_id":"MaHe"}],"OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-08-11T07:04:06Z","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","external_id":{"pmid":["40744775"]},"scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","date_created":"2025-08-10T22:01:29Z","year":"2025","month":"07","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","publication":"Trends in Neurosciences","corr_author":"1","publication_status":"inpress","pmid":1,"date_published":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Elsevier","title":"Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1878-108X"],"issn":["0166-2236"]},"citation":{"apa":"Hetzer, M., &#38; Toda, T. (n.d.). Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>","mla":"Hetzer, Martin, and Tomohisa Toda. “Long-Lived Cellular Molecules in the Brain.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>, Elsevier, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>.","short":"M. Hetzer, T. Toda, Trends in Neurosciences (n.d.).","chicago":"Hetzer, Martin, and Tomohisa Toda. “Long-Lived Cellular Molecules in the Brain.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>.","ama":"Hetzer M, Toda T. Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>","ista":"Hetzer M, Toda T. Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. Trends in Neurosciences.","ieee":"M. Hetzer and T. Toda, “Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain,” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier."},"day":"30"}