{"has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2025","OA_type":"hybrid","department":[{"_id":"BeVi"},{"_id":"NiBa"}],"month":"08","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175","open_access":"1"}],"ddc":["570"],"citation":{"ama":"Puixeu Sala G, Hayward L. The relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersex correlation: Do models support intuition? <i>Genetics</i>. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175\">10.1093/genetics/iyaf175</a>","short":"G. Puixeu Sala, L. Hayward, Genetics (2025).","ieee":"G. Puixeu Sala and L. Hayward, “The relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersex correlation: Do models support intuition?,” <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2025.","ista":"Puixeu Sala G, Hayward L. 2025. The relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersex correlation: Do models support intuition? Genetics., iyaf175.","chicago":"Puixeu Sala, Gemma, and Laura Hayward. “The Relationship between Sexual Dimorphism and Intersex Correlation: Do Models Support Intuition?” <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175</a>.","apa":"Puixeu Sala, G., &#38; Hayward, L. (2025). The relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersex correlation: Do models support intuition? <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175</a>","mla":"Puixeu Sala, Gemma, and Laura Hayward. “The Relationship between Sexual Dimorphism and Intersex Correlation: Do Models Support Intuition?” <i>Genetics</i>, iyaf175, Oxford University Press, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf175\">10.1093/genetics/iyaf175</a>."},"scopus_import":"1","status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"iyaf175","publication":"Genetics","corr_author":"1","date_updated":"2025-09-10T06:20:47Z","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"title":"The relationship between sexual dimorphism and intersex correlation: Do models support intuition?","PlanS_conform":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-8330-1754","full_name":"Puixeu Sala, Gemma","last_name":"Puixeu Sala","id":"33AB266C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Gemma"},{"first_name":"Laura","full_name":"Hayward, Laura","last_name":"Hayward","id":"fc885ee5-24bf-11eb-ad7b-bcc5104c0c1b"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The evolution of sexual dimorphism (the difference in average trait values between females and males, SD), is often thought to be constrained by shared genetic architecture between the sexes. Indeed, it is commonly expected that SD should negatively correlate with the intersex correlation (the genetic correlation between effects of segregating variants in females and males, r fm), either because (1) traits with ancestrally low r fm are less constrained in their ability to respond to sex-specific selection and thus evolve to be more dimorphic, or because (2) sex-specific selection, driving sexual dimorphism evolution, also acts to reduce r fm. Despite the intuitive appeal and prominence of these ideas, their generality and the conditions in which they hold remain unclear. Here, we develop models incorporating sex-specific stabilizing selection, mutation and genetic drift to examine the relationship between r fm and SD. We show that the two commonly-discussed mechanisms with the potential to generate a negative correlation between SD and r fm could just as easily generate a positive association, since the standard line of reasoning hinges on a hidden assumption that sex-specific adaptation more frequently favors increased dimorphism than reduced dimorphism. Our results provide, to our knowledge, the first mechanistic framework for understanding the conditions under which a correlation between r fm and SD may arise and offer a compelling explanation for inconsistent empirical evidence. We also make the intriguing observation that—even when selection between the two sexes is identical—drift generates nonzero SD. We quantify this effect and discuss its significance."}],"date_created":"2025-09-10T05:48:04Z","date_published":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","day":"21","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf175","OA_place":"publisher","_id":"20330","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1943-2631"]},"publication_status":"epub_ahead","project":[{"_id":"9B9DFC9E-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","grant_number":"25817","name":"Sexual conflict: resolution, constraints and biomedical implications"},{"_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"665385","name":"International IST Doctoral Program","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"grant_number":"101055327","name":"Understanding the evolution of continuous genomes","_id":"bd6958e0-d553-11ed-ba76-86eba6a76c00"}],"ec_funded":1,"publisher":"Oxford University Press","acknowledgement":"We thank Tim Connallon for useful discussions and correspondence, Himani Sachdeva and Nick Barton for comments on the manuscript and the Scientific Computing unit at ISTA for technical support. GP is the recipient of a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (DOC 25817) and received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant (agreement no. 665385). LH received funding from the European Research Council, under the HaplotypeStructure Grant (grant no. 101055327) to Nick Barton.","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"}}