---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - The flow instability and further transition to turbulence in a toroidal pipe (torus)
    with curvature ratio (tube-to-coiling diameter) 0.049 is investigated experimentally.
    The flow inside the toroidal pipe is driven by a steel sphere fitted to the inner
    pipe diameter. The sphere is moved with constant azimuthal velocity from outside
    the torus by a moving magnet. The experiment is designed to investigate curved
    pipe flow by optical measurement techniques. Using stereoscopic particle image
    velocimetry, laser Doppler velocimetry and pressure drop measurements, the flow
    is measured for Reynolds numbers ranging from 1000 to 15 000. Time- and space-resolved
    velocity fields are obtained and analysed. The steady axisymmetric basic flow
    is strongly influenced by centrifugal effects. On an increase of the Reynolds
    number we find a sequence of bifurcations. For Re=4075±2% a supercritical bifurcation
    to an oscillatory flow is found in which waves travel in the streamwise direction
    with a phase velocity slightly faster than the mean flow. The oscillatory flow
    is superseded by a presumably quasi-periodic flow at a further increase of the
    Reynolds number before turbulence sets in. The results are found to be compatible,
    in general, with earlier experimental and numerical investigations on transition
    to turbulence in helical and curved pipes. However, important aspects of the bifurcation
    scenario differ considerably.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Jakob
      foaf_name: Kühnen, Jakob
      foaf_surname: Kühnen
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3A47AE32-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
    orcid: 0000-0003-4312-0179
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Markus
      foaf_name: Holzner, Markus
      foaf_surname: Holzner
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Björn
      foaf_name: Hof, Björn
      foaf_surname: Hof
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
    orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Hendrik
      foaf_name: Kuhlmann, Hendrik
      foaf_surname: Kuhlmann
  bibo_doi: 10.1017/jfm.2013.603
  bibo_volume: 738
  dct_date: 2014^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:000328486400021
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Cambridge University Press@
  dct_title: Experimental investigation of transitional flow in a toroidal pipe@
...