{"article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_number":"10122","publication_status":"published","DOAJ_listed":"1","oa":1,"publisher":"Springer Nature","date_created":"2025-12-07T23:02:00Z","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z","intvolume":"        16","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"PlanS_conform":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Glaciers are often located in steep mountain settings and avalanches from surrounding slopes can strongly influence snow accumulation patterns on their surface. This effect has however never been quantified for more than a few glaciers and the impact on the future evolution of glaciers is unclear. We coupled an avalanche and a glacier model to estimate the contribution of avalanches to the accumulation of all glaciers in the world and how this affects their evolution throughout the 21st century. Globally, 3% of the snow accumulation on glaciers comes from avalanches and 1% is removed by avalanches. This net contribution varies between regions and glaciers, with a maximum of 15% for New Zealand. Accounting for avalanches modifies the altitudinal pattern of glacier mass balance and the projected evolution of individual glaciers. The main effects include (1) a longer persistence of small glaciers, with for example three times more ice retained by glaciers smaller than 1 km2 in Central Europe under a low-emission scenario, and (2) an increased sensitivity of high-elevation accumulation zones to future warming. We anticipate the relative influence of avalanches to increase in the future and advocate for a better monitoring of this process and representation in glacier models."}],"pmid":1,"_id":"20728","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Topographically-controlled contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance in the 21st century","citation":{"mla":"Kneib, Marin, et al. “Topographically-Controlled Contribution of Avalanches to Glacier Mass Balance in the 21st Century.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 10122, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z\">10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z</a>.","ieee":"M. Kneib <i>et al.</i>, “Topographically-controlled contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance in the 21st century,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.","ista":"Kneib M, Maussion F, Brun F, Carcanade G, Farinotti D, Huss M, Van Tiel M, Jouberton A, Schmitt P, Schuster L, Dehecq A, Champollion N. 2025. Topographically-controlled contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance in the 21st century. Nature Communications. 16, 10122.","ama":"Kneib M, Maussion F, Brun F, et al. Topographically-controlled contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance in the 21st century. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z\">10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z</a>","short":"M. Kneib, F. Maussion, F. Brun, G. Carcanade, D. Farinotti, M. Huss, M. Van Tiel, A. Jouberton, P. Schmitt, L. Schuster, A. Dehecq, N. Champollion, Nature Communications 16 (2025).","chicago":"Kneib, Marin, Fabien Maussion, Fanny Brun, Guillem Carcanade, Daniel Farinotti, Matthias Huss, Marit Van Tiel, et al. “Topographically-Controlled Contribution of Avalanches to Glacier Mass Balance in the 21st Century.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z</a>.","apa":"Kneib, M., Maussion, F., Brun, F., Carcanade, G., Farinotti, D., Huss, M., … Champollion, N. (2025). Topographically-controlled contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance in the 21st century. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65608-z</a>"},"file_date_updated":"2025-12-09T12:37:14Z","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"department":[{"_id":"FrPe"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","ddc":["550"],"OA_type":"gold","article_processing_charge":"Yes","status":"public","volume":16,"has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2025-12-09T12:38:44Z","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-12-09T12:37:14Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"20740","success":1,"file_name":"2025_NatureComm_Kneib.pdf","checksum":"5d8e420caa8259b67801f7c87e318d2e","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-12-09T12:37:14Z","file_size":2749558,"relation":"main_file"}],"publication":"Nature Communications","external_id":{"pmid":["41298449"]},"day":"01","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_place":"publisher","year":"2025","acknowledgement":"This project has received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under the Postdoc. Mobility programme, grant agreement P500PN_210739, CAIRN (MK), “Contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance”, and grant agreement P5R5PN_225605, CAIRN-GLOBAL (MK), “Contribution of avalanches to glacier mass balance at the global scale”. The authors would like to acknowledge the OGGM community for the extensive online documentation, data resources (OGGM-shop) and computing infrastructure that were used as part of this study.","author":[{"first_name":"Marin","full_name":"Kneib, Marin","last_name":"Kneib"},{"last_name":"Maussion","full_name":"Maussion, Fabien","first_name":"Fabien"},{"first_name":"Fanny","full_name":"Brun, Fanny","last_name":"Brun"},{"last_name":"Carcanade","full_name":"Carcanade, Guillem","first_name":"Guillem"},{"full_name":"Farinotti, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Farinotti"},{"last_name":"Huss","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Huss, Matthias"},{"last_name":"Van Tiel","first_name":"Marit","full_name":"Van Tiel, Marit"},{"last_name":"Jouberton","first_name":"Achille","full_name":"Jouberton, Achille","id":"f2426a39-920b-11f0-ac40-cbeda2086b9c"},{"last_name":"Schmitt","first_name":"Patrick","full_name":"Schmitt, Patrick"},{"full_name":"Schuster, Lilian","first_name":"Lilian","last_name":"Schuster"},{"first_name":"Amaury","full_name":"Dehecq, Amaury","last_name":"Dehecq"},{"full_name":"Champollion, Nicolas","first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Champollion"}],"month":"12"}