{"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"software","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14516009"}]},"_id":"20733","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Rapid optimal work extraction from a quantum-dot information engine","abstract":[{"text":"The conversion of thermal energy into work is usually more efficient in the slow-driving regime, where the power output is vanishingly small. Efficient work extraction for fast-driving protocols remains an outstanding challenge at the nanoscale, where fluctuations play a significant role. In this Letter, we use a quantum-dot Szilard engine to extract work from thermal fluctuations with maximum efficiency over two decades of driving speed. We design and implement a family of optimized protocols ranging from the slow- to the fast-driving regime, and we measure the engine's efficiency as well as the mean and variance of its power output in each case. These optimized protocols exhibit significant improvements in power and efficiency compared to the naive approach. Our results also show that, when optimizing for efficiency, boosting the power output of a Szilard engine inevitably comes at the cost of increased power fluctuations.","lang":"eng"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2643-1564"]},"quality_controlled":"1","intvolume":"         7","doi":"10.1103/q3dx-kyqj","date_created":"2025-12-07T23:02:02Z","arxiv":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"letter_note","article_number":"L032017","month":"07","acknowledgement":"We thank Georgios Katsaros for providing the device for this experiment. K.A. and N.A. acknowledge the support provided by funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council IAA (Grant No. EP/X525777/1). N.A. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (Grant Agreement No. 948932) and the Royal Society (URF-R1-191150). A.R. is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation through a Postdoc. Mobility (Grant No. P500PT 225461). M.T.M. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. M.P.-L. is supported by the Grant RYC2022-036958-I funded by the Spanish MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ESF+. This project is cofunded by the European Union and UK Research & Innovation (Quantum Flagship project ASPECTS, Grant Agreement No. 101080167). However, views and opinions expressed are those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, Research Executive Agency, or UK Research & Innovation. Neither the European Union nor UK Research & Innovation can be held responsible for them.","author":[{"first_name":"Kushagra","full_name":"Aggarwal, Kushagra","last_name":"Aggarwal"},{"first_name":"Alberto","full_name":"Rolandi, Alberto","last_name":"Rolandi"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Yikai","full_name":"Yang, Yikai"},{"last_name":"Hickie","full_name":"Hickie, Joseph","first_name":"Joseph"},{"id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Jirovec"},{"last_name":"Ballabio","full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel"},{"full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"first_name":"Mark T.","full_name":"Mitchison, Mark T.","last_name":"Mitchison"},{"full_name":"Perarnau-Llobet, Martí","first_name":"Martí","last_name":"Perarnau-Llobet"},{"full_name":"Ares, Natalia","first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Ares"}],"OA_place":"publisher","year":"2025","day":"01","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","external_id":{"arxiv":["2412.06916"]},"publication":"Physical Review Research","file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-12-09T14:05:56Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":536624,"success":1,"file_name":"2025_PhysReviewResearch_Aggarwal.pdf","checksum":"66f2b572a36a7b5fe611a7639a8b6f12","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"20753","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-12-09T14:05:56Z"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2025-12-09T14:07:49Z","volume":7,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","status":"public","OA_type":"gold","ddc":["530"],"date_published":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","issue":"3","oa_version":"Published Version","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"ama":"Aggarwal K, Rolandi A, Yang Y, et al. Rapid optimal work extraction from a quantum-dot information engine. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. 2025;7(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj\">10.1103/q3dx-kyqj</a>","short":"K. Aggarwal, A. Rolandi, Y. Yang, J. Hickie, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, M.T. Mitchison, M. Perarnau-Llobet, N. Ares, Physical Review Research 7 (2025).","chicago":"Aggarwal, Kushagra, Alberto Rolandi, Yikai Yang, Joseph Hickie, Daniel Jirovec, Andrea Ballabio, Daniel Chrastina, et al. “Rapid Optimal Work Extraction from a Quantum-Dot Information Engine.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj\">https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj</a>.","apa":"Aggarwal, K., Rolandi, A., Yang, Y., Hickie, J., Jirovec, D., Ballabio, A., … Ares, N. (2025). Rapid optimal work extraction from a quantum-dot information engine. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj\">https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj</a>","ista":"Aggarwal K, Rolandi A, Yang Y, Hickie J, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina D, Isella G, Mitchison MT, Perarnau-Llobet M, Ares N. 2025. Rapid optimal work extraction from a quantum-dot information engine. Physical Review Research. 7(3), L032017.","ieee":"K. Aggarwal <i>et al.</i>, “Rapid optimal work extraction from a quantum-dot information engine,” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2025.","mla":"Aggarwal, Kushagra, et al. “Rapid Optimal Work Extraction from a Quantum-Dot Information Engine.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3, L032017, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/q3dx-kyqj\">10.1103/q3dx-kyqj</a>."},"file_date_updated":"2025-12-09T14:05:56Z"}