---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - The brightest steady sources of radiation in the universe, active galactic nuclei
    (AGNs), are powered by gas accretion on to a central supermassive black hole (SMBH).
    The large sizes and accretion rates implicated in AGN accretion discs are expected
    to lead to gravitational instability and fragmentation, effectively cutting off
    mass inflow to the SMBH. Radiative feedback from disc-embedded stars has been
    invoked to yield marginally stable, steady-state solutions in the outer discs.
    Here, we examine the consequences of this star formation with a semi-analytical
    model in which stellar-mass black hole (sBH) remnants in the disc provide an additional
    source of stabilizing radiative feedback. Assuming star formation seeds the embedded
    sBH population, we model the time-evolving feedback from both stars and the growing
    population of accreting sBHs. We find that in the outer disc, the luminosity of
    the sBHs quickly dominates that of their parent stars. However, because sBHs consume
    less gas than stars to stabilize the disc, the presence of the sBHs enhances the
    mass flux to the inner disc. As a result, star formation persists over the lifetime
    of the AGN, damped in the outer disc, but amplified in a narrow ring in the inner
    disc. Heating from the embedded sBHs significantly modifies the disc’s temperature
    profile and hardens its spectral energy distribution, and direct emission from
    the sBHs adds a new hard X-ray component.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Marguerite
      foaf_name: Epstein-Martin, Marguerite
      foaf_surname: Epstein-Martin
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Hiromichi
      foaf_name: Tagawa, Hiromichi
      foaf_surname: Tagawa
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Zoltán
      foaf_name: Haiman, Zoltán
      foaf_surname: Haiman
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
    orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Rosalba
      foaf_name: Perna, Rosalba
      foaf_surname: Perna
  bibo_doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf237
  bibo_issue: '4'
  bibo_volume: 537
  dct_date: 2025^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0035-8711
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1365-2966
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Oxford University Press@
  dct_title: Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass
    black holes@
...