---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21538'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Extracting light from silicon is a longstanding challenge in modern engineering
    and physics. While silicon has underpinned the past 70 years of electronics advancement,
    a facile tunable and efficient silicon-based light source remains elusive. Here,
    we experimentally demonstrate the generation of tunable radiation from a one-dimensional,
    all-silicon nanograting. Light is generated by the spontaneous emission from the
    interaction of these nanogratings with low-energy free electrons (2–20 keV) and
    is recorded in the wavelength range of 800–1600 nm, which includes the silicon
    transparency window. Tunable free-electron-based light generation from nanoscale
    silicon gratings with efficiencies approaching those from metallic gratings is
    demonstrated. We theoretically investigate the feasibility of a scalable, compact,
    all-silicon tunable light source comprised of a silicon Field Emitter Array integrated
    with a silicon nanograting that emits at telecommunication wavelengths. Our results
    reveal the prospects of a CMOS-compatible electrically-pumped silicon light source
    for possible applications in the mid-infrared and telecommunication wavelengths.
article_number: '3176'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Charles
  full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
  id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
  last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Steven E.
  full_name: Kooi, Steven E.
  last_name: Kooi
- first_name: Yi
  full_name: Yang, Yi
  last_name: Yang
- first_name: Aviram
  full_name: Massuda, Aviram
  last_name: Massuda
- first_name: Phillip D.
  full_name: Keathley, Phillip D.
  last_name: Keathley
- first_name: Aun
  full_name: Zaidi, Aun
  last_name: Zaidi
- first_name: Yujia
  full_name: Yang, Yujia
  last_name: Yang
- first_name: John D.
  full_name: Joannopoulos, John D.
  last_name: Joannopoulos
- first_name: Karl K.
  full_name: Berggren, Karl K.
  last_name: Berggren
- first_name: Ido
  full_name: Kaminer, Ido
  last_name: Kaminer
- first_name: Marin
  full_name: Soljačić, Marin
  last_name: Soljačić
citation:
  ama: Roques-Carmes C, Kooi SE, Yang Y, et al. Towards integrated tunable all-silicon
    free-electron light sources. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2019;10. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7">10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7</a>
  apa: Roques-Carmes, C., Kooi, S. E., Yang, Y., Massuda, A., Keathley, P. D., Zaidi,
    A., … Soljačić, M. (2019). Towards integrated tunable all-silicon free-electron
    light sources. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7</a>
  chicago: Roques-Carmes, Charles, Steven E. Kooi, Yi Yang, Aviram Massuda, Phillip
    D. Keathley, Aun Zaidi, Yujia Yang, et al. “Towards Integrated Tunable All-Silicon
    Free-Electron Light Sources.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2019.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7</a>.
  ieee: C. Roques-Carmes <i>et al.</i>, “Towards integrated tunable all-silicon free-electron
    light sources,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 10. Springer Nature, 2019.
  ista: Roques-Carmes C, Kooi SE, Yang Y, Massuda A, Keathley PD, Zaidi A, Yang Y,
    Joannopoulos JD, Berggren KK, Kaminer I, Soljačić M. 2019. Towards integrated
    tunable all-silicon free-electron light sources. Nature Communications. 10, 3176.
  mla: Roques-Carmes, Charles, et al. “Towards Integrated Tunable All-Silicon Free-Electron
    Light Sources.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 10, 3176, Springer Nature,
    2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7">10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7</a>.
  short: C. Roques-Carmes, S.E. Kooi, Y. Yang, A. Massuda, P.D. Keathley, A. Zaidi,
    Y. Yang, J.D. Joannopoulos, K.K. Berggren, I. Kaminer, M. Soljačić, Nature Communications
    10 (2019).
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2019-07-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:58:28Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7
intvolume: '        10'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11070-7
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Towards integrated tunable all-silicon free-electron light sources
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10
year: '2019'
...