---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) systems are expected to form as a consequence
    of galaxy mergers. At subparsec separations, SMBHBs can be identified as quasars
    with periodic variability, with previous periodicity searches uncovering significant
    candidates. However, these searches focused primarily on sinusoidal signals, while
    theoretical models and hydrodynamical simulations predict that binaries produce
    more complex non-sinusoidal pulse shapes. Here we examine the efficacy of the
    Lomb–Scargle periodogram (LSP; one of the most popular tools for periodicity searches
    in unevenly sampled lightcurves) to detect periodicities with a sawtooth shape
    mimicking results of hydrodynamical simulations. We simulate idealized well-sampled
    lightcurves, lightcurves that mimic the data in the Palomar Transient Factory
    (PTF) analyzed in M. Charisi et al. (2016), and lightcurves that resemble our
    expectations for single-band data in the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time
    (LSST) of the Rubin Observatory. We approximate quasar variability with a damped
    random walk (DRW) model, inject sinusoidal and sawtooth pulse shapes, and assess
    their statistical significance. We find that in the presence of red noise, the
    LSP detects a relatively low fraction of the sinusoidal signals (∼45%, ∼24%, and
    ∼23%, in the PTF-like, idealized, and LSST-like lightcurves, respectively). The
    fraction is significantly reduced for sawtooth periodicity (with only ∼9% in PTF-like
    and ∼1% in idealized and LSST-like lightcurves). These low recovery rates imply
    that previous searches have missed the large majority of binaries. They also have
    significant implications for the detection of SMBHBs in upcoming LSST necessitating
    the development of advanced tools that go beyond the simple LSP.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Allison
      foaf_name: Lin, Allison
      foaf_surname: Lin
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Maria
      foaf_name: Charisi, Maria
      foaf_surname: Charisi
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Zoltán
      foaf_name: Haiman, Zoltán
      foaf_surname: Haiman
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
    orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
  bibo_doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae29a7
  bibo_issue: '2'
  bibo_volume: 997
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0004-637X
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1538-4357
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: IOP Publishing@
  dct_title: Lomb-scargle periodogram struggles with non-sinusoidal supermassive Black
    Hole binary signatures in quasar lightcurves@
...