article published yes Yuxi Li author Trevor C. Butler author Stefano Nardone author Christopher L. Jacobs author Amelia May Barnett Douglass author de5f6fda-80fb-11ef-996f-a8c4ecd8e2890000-0001-5398-6473 Joseph C. Madara author Miriam C. McDonough author Jenkang Tao author Elijah D. Lowenstein author Luhong Wang author Deepti Pant author Samuel J. Walker author Annette Wang author Harini Srinivasan author Zongfang Yang author John N. Campbell author Linus T. Tsai author Bradford B. Lowell author Jon M. Resch author AmDo department The paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) controls behavioral and physiologic processes, including appetite, social behavior, autonomic outflow, and pituitary hormone secretion. However, molecular markers for centrally projecting PVH neuron populations remain largely undefined, and a complete census of PVH cell types has not been established. Therefore, we performed extensive single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing to catalog PVH neuron subtypes and multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) to map them spatially. Our spatial transcriptomic atlas resolves 26 Sim1+ and 29 GABAergic neuron populations from the PVH and surrounding areas. Additionally, projection-based profiling identified neurons that project to the parabrachial region (PB) and spinal cord, helping to determine PVH populations that regulate satiety and sympathetic nervous system activity, respectively. Notably, activation of PB-projecting PVH neurons expressing Brs3 reduces food intake, and silencing them causes obesity. Together, this atlas contributes high-resolution PVH spatial and circuit-based gene expression profiles, representing a valuable resource for the field of homeostasis. https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/21744/21793/2026_CellReports_Li.pdf application/pdfno Elsevier2026 eng 2639-1856 2211-1247 4158114610.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904 452 Li, Yuxi, Trevor C. Butler, Stefano Nardone, Christopher L. Jacobs, Amelia M. Douglass, Joseph C. Madara, Miriam C. McDonough, et al. “A Spatial and Projection-Based Transcriptomic Atlas of Paraventricular Hypothalamic Cell Types.” <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904</a>. Li Y, Butler TC, Nardone S, Jacobs CL, Douglass AM, Madara JC, McDonough MC, Tao J, Lowenstein ED, Wang L, Pant D, Walker SJ, Wang A, Srinivasan H, Yang Z, Campbell JN, Tsai LT, Lowell BB, Resch JM. 2026. A spatial and projection-based transcriptomic atlas of paraventricular hypothalamic cell types. Cell Reports. 45(2), 116904. Li Y, Butler TC, Nardone S, et al. A spatial and projection-based transcriptomic atlas of paraventricular hypothalamic cell types. <i>Cell Reports</i>. 2026;45(2). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904">10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904</a> Li, Yuxi, et al. “A Spatial and Projection-Based Transcriptomic Atlas of Paraventricular Hypothalamic Cell Types.” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 45, no. 2, 116904, Elsevier, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904">10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904</a>. Y. Li, T.C. Butler, S. Nardone, C.L. Jacobs, A.M. Douglass, J.C. Madara, M.C. McDonough, J. Tao, E.D. Lowenstein, L. Wang, D. Pant, S.J. Walker, A. Wang, H. Srinivasan, Z. Yang, J.N. Campbell, L.T. Tsai, B.B. Lowell, J.M. Resch, Cell Reports 45 (2026). Li, Y., Butler, T. C., Nardone, S., Jacobs, C. L., Douglass, A. M., Madara, J. C., … Resch, J. M. (2026). A spatial and projection-based transcriptomic atlas of paraventricular hypothalamic cell types. <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116904</a> Y. Li <i>et al.</i>, “A spatial and projection-based transcriptomic atlas of paraventricular hypothalamic cell types,” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 45, no. 2. Elsevier, 2026. 217442026-04-16T13:51:29Z2026-05-04T12:00:31Z