---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21933'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We consider the liquid drop model with a positive background density in the
    thermodynamic limit. We prove a two-term asymptotics for the ground state energy
    per unit volume in the dilute limit. Our proof justifies the expectation that
    optimal configurations consist of droplets of unit size that arrange themselves
    according to minimizers for the Jellium problem for point particles. In particular,
    we provide the first rigorous derivation of what is known as the gnocchi phase
    in astrophysics.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Rupert L.
  full_name: Frank, Rupert L.
  last_name: Frank
- first_name: Mathieu
  full_name: Lewin, Mathieu
  last_name: Lewin
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: Frank RL, Lewin M, Seiringer R. Liquid drop model for nuclear matter in the
    low density limit. <i>Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics</i>. 2026.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039">10.1002/cpa.70039</a>
  apa: Frank, R. L., Lewin, M., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2026). Liquid drop model for
    nuclear matter in the low density limit. <i>Communications on Pure and Applied
    Mathematics</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039</a>
  chicago: Frank, Rupert L., Mathieu Lewin, and Robert Seiringer. “Liquid Drop Model
    for Nuclear Matter in the Low Density Limit.” <i>Communications on Pure and Applied
    Mathematics</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039</a>.
  ieee: R. L. Frank, M. Lewin, and R. Seiringer, “Liquid drop model for nuclear matter
    in the low density limit,” <i>Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics</i>.
    Wiley, 2026.
  ista: Frank RL, Lewin M, Seiringer R. 2026. Liquid drop model for nuclear matter
    in the low density limit. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics.
  mla: Frank, Rupert L., et al. “Liquid Drop Model for Nuclear Matter in the Low Density
    Limit.” <i>Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics</i>, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpa.70039">10.1002/cpa.70039</a>.
  short: R.L. Frank, M. Lewin, R. Seiringer, Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
    (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-31T22:02:13Z
date_published: 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-02T06:58:54Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: RoSe
doi: 10.1002/cpa.70039
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2507.14012'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.14012
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1097-0312
  issn:
  - 0010-3640
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Wiley
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Liquid drop model for nuclear matter in the low density limit
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...