---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22462'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is an emerging carbon dioxide removal (CDR)
    strategy that can support net-zero emission targets. However, current ERW modelling
    efforts rely on assumptions that introduce substantial variation in CDR estimates
    across varying ecosystems and hydroclimatic conditions. They typically ignore
    or oversimplify plant–soil interactions and high-frequency hydrological dynamics,
    obscuring short-term weathering responses and biotic feedbacks to soil moisture
    dynamics. Here, we introduce an integrated, process-based modelling framework,
    T&C-SMEW, which represents ecohydrological and ERW dynamics, along with microbially
    explicit biogeochemical processes. We compared framework simulations against a
    controlled mesocosm experiment and long-term field observations, demonstrating
    its ability to reproduce feedstock cation release, soil pH dynamics, gross primary
    production, and CO2 fluxes. T&C-SMEW reveals hydrological constraints and vegetation
    effects on ERW-mediated CDR by quantifying impacts on ecosystem respiration, net
    ecosystem exchange, and alkalinity export, emphasising the importance of ecohydrological
    modelling for ecosystem-level CDR estimation. These advances provide a modelling
    framework for identifying optimal deployment scenarios to establish ERW as a viable
    and operationally feasible CDR approach.
article_number: e70650
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ziyan
  full_name: Zhang, Ziyan
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Gregory
  full_name: Jones, Gregory
  last_name: Jones
- first_name: Salvatore
  full_name: Calabrese, Salvatore
  last_name: Calabrese
- first_name: Matteo
  full_name: Bertagni, Matteo
  last_name: Bertagni
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Bonnie
  full_name: Waring, Bonnie
  last_name: Waring
- first_name: Athanasios
  full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
  last_name: Paschalis
citation:
  ama: Zhang Z, Jones G, Calabrese S, et al. An integrated modelling framework to
    determine terrestrial carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering. <i>Global
    Change Biology</i>. 2025;31(12). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">10.1111/gcb.70650</a>
  apa: Zhang, Z., Jones, G., Calabrese, S., Bertagni, M., Fatichi, S., Waring, B.,
    &#38; Paschalis, A. (2025). An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial
    carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering. <i>Global Change Biology</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650</a>
  chicago: Zhang, Ziyan, Gregory Jones, Salvatore Calabrese, Matteo Bertagni, Simone
    Fatichi, Bonnie Waring, and Athanasios Paschalis. “An Integrated Modelling Framework
    to Determine Terrestrial Carbon Dioxide Removal via Enhanced Rock Weathering.”
    <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650</a>.
  ieee: Z. Zhang <i>et al.</i>, “An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial
    carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 31, no. 12. Wiley, 2025.
  ista: Zhang Z, Jones G, Calabrese S, Bertagni M, Fatichi S, Waring B, Paschalis
    A. 2025. An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial carbon dioxide
    removal via enhanced rock weathering. Global Change Biology. 31(12), e70650.
  mla: Zhang, Ziyan, et al. “An Integrated Modelling Framework to Determine Terrestrial
    Carbon Dioxide Removal via Enhanced Rock Weathering.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 31, no. 12, e70650, Wiley, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">10.1111/gcb.70650</a>.
  short: Z. Zhang, G. Jones, S. Calabrese, M. Bertagni, S. Fatichi, B. Waring, A.
    Paschalis, Global Change Biology 31 (2025).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T11:54:40Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.70650
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        31'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial carbon dioxide removal
  via enhanced rock weathering
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 31
year: '2025'
...