---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Increasing urbanization is likely to intensify the urban heat island effect, decrease
    outdoor thermal comfort, and enhance runoff generation in cities. Urban green
    spaces are often proposed as a mitigation strategy to counteract these adverse
    effects, and many recent developments of urban climate models focus on the inclusion
    of green and blue infrastructure to inform urban planning. However, many models
    still lack the ability to account for different plant types and oversimplify the
    interactions between the built environment, vegetation, and hydrology. In this
    study, we present an urban ecohydrological model, Urban Tethys-Chloris (UT&C),
    that combines principles of ecosystem modelling with an urban canopy scheme accounting
    for the biophysical and ecophysiological characteristics of roof vegetation, ground
    vegetation, and urban trees. UT&C is a fully coupled energy and water balance
    model that calculates 2 m air temperature, 2 m humidity, and surface temperatures
    based on the infinite urban canyon approach. It further calculates the urban hydrological
    fluxes in the absence of snow, including transpiration as a function of plant
    photosynthesis. Hence, UT&C accounts for the effects of different plant types
    on the urban climate and hydrology, as well as the effects of the urban environment
    on plant well-being and performance. UT&C performs well when compared against
    energy flux measurements of eddy-covariance towers located in three cities in
    different climates (Singapore, Melbourne, and Phoenix). A sensitivity analysis,
    performed as a proof of concept for the city of Singapore, shows a mean decrease
    in 2 m air temperature of 1.1 ∘C for fully grass-covered ground, 0.2 ∘C for high
    values of leaf area index (LAI), and 0.3 ∘C for high values of Vc,max (an expression
    of photosynthetic capacity). These reductions in temperature were combined with
    a simultaneous increase in relative humidity by 6.5 %, 2.1 %, and 1.6 %, for fully
    grass-covered ground, high values of LAI, and high values of Vc,max, respectively.
    Furthermore, the increase of pervious vegetated ground is able to significantly
    reduce surface runoff.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Naika
      foaf_name: Meili, Naika
      foaf_surname: Meili
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Gabriele
      foaf_name: Manoli, Gabriele
      foaf_surname: Manoli
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Paolo
      foaf_name: Burlando, Paolo
      foaf_surname: Burlando
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Elie
      foaf_name: Bou-Zeid, Elie
      foaf_surname: Bou-Zeid
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Winston T. L.
      foaf_name: Chow, Winston T. L.
      foaf_surname: Chow
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Andrew M.
      foaf_name: Coutts, Andrew M.
      foaf_surname: Coutts
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Edoardo
      foaf_name: Daly, Edoardo
      foaf_surname: Daly
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Kerry A.
      foaf_name: Nice, Kerry A.
      foaf_surname: Nice
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Matthias
      foaf_name: Roth, Matthias
      foaf_surname: Roth
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Nigel J.
      foaf_name: Tapper, Nigel J.
      foaf_surname: Tapper
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Erik
      foaf_name: Velasco, Erik
      foaf_surname: Velasco
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Enrique R.
      foaf_name: Vivoni, Enrique R.
      foaf_surname: Vivoni
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Simone
      foaf_name: Fatichi, Simone
      foaf_surname: Fatichi
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  bibo_doi: 10.5194/gmd-13-335-2020
  bibo_issue: '1'
  bibo_volume: 13
  dct_date: 2020^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1991-959X
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1991-9603
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Copernicus Publications@
  dct_title: An urban ecohydrological model to quantify the effect of vegetation on
    urban climate and hydrology (UT&C v1.0)@
...