---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - 'In hydrological models, variably saturated flow is often described using the
    Richards equation, either in a fully three-dimensional (3D) implementation or
    using a quasi-3D framework based on the 1D Richards equation for vertical flow
    and a flow-approximation for the other two dimensions. However, it is unclear
    in which configuration or under which boundary conditions these approximations
    can produce adequate estimates. In this study, two formulations with a quasi-3D
    approach are benchmarked against a fully 3D model (HYDRUS-3D). The formulations
    are: the Real-time Integrated Basin Simulator + VEGetation Generator for Interactive
    Evolution (tRIBS + VEGGIE) model that uses the Dupuit–Forchheimer assumption and
    the Tethys & Chloris (T&C) model that implements the kinematic approach.
    Effects of domain slope, hillslope size, event size and initial moisture conditions
    on simulated runoff and soil moisture dynamics are examined in event-based simulations
    at the hillslope scale. The Dupuit–Forchheimer assumption (tRIBS-VEGGIE) produces
    deviations from the HYDRUS-3D solutions only for simulations with initially dry
    soil. Using the kinematic approach (T&C) results in deviations from the 3D
    solution primarily for the small hillslope domain in combination with a gentle
    slope angle. This applies especially to the partition between subsurface and surface
    runoff production, with T&C being biased towards the latter. For all other
    cases investigated, the simpler formulations provide reasonable approximations
    of the 3D model.@eng'
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Luisa
      foaf_name: Hopp, Luisa
      foaf_surname: Hopp
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Simone
      foaf_name: Fatichi, Simone
      foaf_surname: Fatichi
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Valeriy Y.
      foaf_name: Ivanov, Valeriy Y.
      foaf_surname: Ivanov
  bibo_doi: 10.2166/nh.2015.126
  bibo_issue: '2'
  bibo_volume: 47
  dct_date: 2016^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1998-9563
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/2224-7955
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: IWA Publishing@
  dct_subject:
  - hillslope hydrology
  - hydrologic modeling
  - parsimonious approximation
  - surface-subsurface hydrology
  dct_title: 'Simulating water flow in variably saturated soils: A comparison of a
    3D model with approximation-based formulations@'
...