---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - 'Countless biological processes are fueled by energy-rich molecules like ATP and
    GTP that supply energy with extreme efficiency. However, designing similar energy-delivery
    schemes from the bottom up, essential for the development of powered nanostructures
    and other \emph{de novo} machinery, presents a significant challenge: how can
    an energy-rich structure be stable in solution yet still deliver this energy at
    precisely the right time? In this paper, we present a purely physical mechanism
    that solves this challenge, facilitating energy transfer akin to ATP hydrolysis,
    yet occurring between synthetic nanostructures without any biochemical interactions.
    This targeted energy delivery is achieved by exploiting a differentiable state-based
    model to balance the energy profiles that govern the structural transitions in
    the two nanostructures, creating a coupled relaxation pathway with minimal barriers
    that facilitates energy delivery. We verify the effectiveness and robustness of
    this mechanism through Langevin Dynamics simulations, demonstrating that a bath
    of the high-energy structures can systematically and repeatedly drive the target
    structure out of equilibrium, enabling it to perform tasks. As the mechanism operates
    only through explicit physical forces without any biochemistry or internal state
    variables, our results present generic and far-reaching design principles, setting
    the stage for the next generation of synthetic nanomachines.@eng'
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Andreas
      foaf_name: Ehrmann, Andreas
      foaf_surname: Ehrmann
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=eaa689ed-f6e0-11ea-865d-bd98cbcf83c2
    orcid: 0000-0002-0997-5678
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Carl Peter
      foaf_name: Goodrich, Carl Peter
      foaf_surname: Goodrich
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=EB352CD2-F68A-11E9-89C5-A432E6697425
    orcid: 0000-0002-1307-5074
  bibo_doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2506.14266
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_language: eng
  dct_title: Controlling energy delivery with bistable nanostructures@
...