---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '23156'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Extracting the current-phase relationship (CPR) of a single superconducting
    junction is challenging in practice and traditionally involves embedding the junction
    in a larger superconducting circuit containing SQUIDs and/or resonators. Applying
    ac driving to the junction has proven to be a viable and less invasive way to
    extract information about the few lowest harmonics of the CPR, by locating the
    integer and fractional Shapiro steps in the \U0001D43C⁢\U0001D449-curve of the
    driven junction. Here, we present an alternative driving-based method that allows
    to extract the full harmonic content of a CPR in a relatively noninvasive way,
    by fitting the measured critical currents of the driven junction as a function
    of driving power. We test our method, both using numerical simulations and in
    experiments, and we show that it works accurately."
acknowledgement: 'The authors thank Afonso Oliveira, Stefano Calcaterra, Daniel Chrastina,
  and Giovanni Isella for providing the Ge/SiGe heterostructure. This work was supported
  by the Research Council of Norway through its Centers of Excellence funding scheme,
  Project No. 262633, “QuSpin,” the FWF Project with DOI:10.55776/PAT7682124, OeAD
  “ISTA Austria: ISTernship Summer Programme, Non-EU countries” (Ref. No.: MPC-2025-00945),
  the Spanish Comunidad de Madrid (CM) “Talento Program” (Project No. 2022-T1/IND-24070),
  and the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities through Grants
  No. CEX2024-001445-S (Severo Ochoa Centres of Excellence program) and No. PID2022-140552NA-I00,
  funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.'
article_number: '044017'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Maxim
  full_name: Tjøtta, Maxim
  last_name: Tjøtta
- first_name: Devashish C
  full_name: Shah, Devashish C
  id: de191434-4e7e-11ef-bf4b-9a056fc19fc3
  last_name: Shah
  orcid: 0009-0007-5829-7707
- first_name: Kanishk
  full_name: Modi, Kanishk
  id: f05345fd-900f-11f1-bfd8-8c0b6eadcc7f
  last_name: Modi
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Valentini, Marco
  id: C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425
  last_name: Valentini
- first_name: Rubén
  full_name: Seoane Souto, Rubén
  last_name: Seoane Souto
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Jeroen
  full_name: Danon, Jeroen
  last_name: Danon
citation:
  ama: Tjøtta M, Shah DC, Modi K, et al. Fast-driving spectroscopy of current-phase
    relationships of individual Josephson elements. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>.
    2026;26(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm">10.1103/d3gl-qntm</a>
  apa: Tjøtta, M., Shah, D. C., Modi, K., Valentini, M., Seoane Souto, R., Katsaros,
    G., &#38; Danon, J. (2026). Fast-driving spectroscopy of current-phase relationships
    of individual Josephson elements. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical
    Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm">https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm</a>
  chicago: Tjøtta, Maxim, Devashish C Shah, Kanishk Modi, Marco Valentini, Rubén Seoane
    Souto, Georgios Katsaros, and Jeroen Danon. “Fast-Driving Spectroscopy of Current-Phase
    Relationships of Individual Josephson Elements.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>.
    American Physical Society, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm">https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm</a>.
  ieee: M. Tjøtta <i>et al.</i>, “Fast-driving spectroscopy of current-phase relationships
    of individual Josephson elements,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 26, no.
    4. American Physical Society, 2026.
  ista: Tjøtta M, Shah DC, Modi K, Valentini M, Seoane Souto R, Katsaros G, Danon
    J. 2026. Fast-driving spectroscopy of current-phase relationships of individual
    Josephson elements. Physical Review Applied. 26(4), 044017.
  mla: Tjøtta, Maxim, et al. “Fast-Driving Spectroscopy of Current-Phase Relationships
    of Individual Josephson Elements.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 26, no.
    4, 044017, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm">10.1103/d3gl-qntm</a>.
  short: M. Tjøtta, D.C. Shah, K. Modi, M. Valentini, R. Seoane Souto, G. Katsaros,
    J. Danon, Physical Review Applied 26 (2026).
das_tickbox: '1'
dataavailabilitystatement: The data that support the findings of this article are
  openly available at [10.5281/zenodo.22646275].
date_created: 2026-10-18T22:01:52Z
date_published: 2026-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-10-19T07:25:01Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1103/d3gl-qntm
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2511.14313'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/d3gl-qntm
intvolume: '        26'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.14313
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 5b9e579c-ab3d-11f0-914f-88754c5b5a3f
  grant_number: PAT 7682124
  name: Superconducting spin qubits in planar Ge
publication: Physical Review Applied
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2331-7019
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
researchdata_availability: yes
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
supplementarymaterial: yes
title: Fast-driving spectroscopy of current-phase relationships of individual Josephson
  elements
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 26
year: '2026'
...