---
_id: '3756'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'In many eukaryotic cells going through M-phase, a bipolar spindle is formed
    by microtubules nucleated from centrosomes. These microtubules, in addition to
    being `''captured” by kinetochores, may be stabilized by chromatin in two different
    ways: short-range stabilization effects may affect microtubules in close contact
    with the chromatin, while long-range stabilization effects may `''guide” microtubule
    growth towards the chromatin (e.g., by introducing a diffusive gradient of an
    enzymatic activity that affects microtubule assembly). Here, we use both meiotic
    and mitotic extracts from Xenopus laevis eggs to study microtubule aster formation
    and microtubule dynamics in the presence of chromatin. In `''low-speed” meiotic
    extracts, in the presence of salmon sperm chromatin, we find that short-range
    stabilization effects lead to a strong anisotropy of the microtubule asters. Analysis
    of the dynamic parameters of microtubule growth shows that this anisotropy arises
    from a decrease in the catastrophe frequency, an increase in the rescue frequency
    and a decrease in the growth velocity. In this system we also find evidence for
    long-range `''guidance” effects, which lead to a weak anisotropy of the asters.
    Statistically relevant results on these long-range effects are obtained in `''high-speed”
    mitotic extracts in the presence of artificially constructed chromatin stripes.
    We find that aster anisotropy is biased in the direction of the chromatin and
    that the catastrophe frequency is reduced in its vicinity. In this system we also
    find a surprising dependence of the catastrophe and the rescue frequencies on
    the length of microtubules nucleated from centrosomes: the catastrophe frequency
    increases and the rescue frequency decreases with microtubule length.'
acknowledgement: "We would like to thank T. Holy and T. Mitchison for providing us
  with centrosomes; M. Glotzer and T. Mitchison for giving us the plasmid for A90
  cyclin B; J. Stock and members of his laboratory for help with biochemical preparations;
  R. Zimmerman for help with the biotinylation of DNA; J. Shepard for help with the
  patterning of surfaces; D. Tsui for use\r\nof his clean room facility, and D. Fygenson,
  T. Holy, E. Karsenti, E. Kennedy, A. Levine, T. Mitchison, and G. Waters for valuable
  discussions, constant encouragement and technical help. This work was partially
  supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. GM-50712) and the Human
  Frontier Science Program."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marileen
  full_name: Dogterom, Marileen
  last_name: Dogterom
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Felix, M.
  last_name: Felix
- first_name: Calin C
  full_name: Guet, Calin C
  id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Guet
  orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052
- first_name: Stanislas
  full_name: Leibler, Stanislas
  last_name: Leibler
citation:
  ama: 'Dogterom M, Felix M, Guet CC, Leibler S. Influence of M-phase chromatin on
    the anisotropy of microtubule asters. <i>Journal of Cell Biology</i>. 1996;133(1):125-140.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 ">doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125
    </a>'
  apa: 'Dogterom, M., Felix, M., Guet, C. C., &#38; Leibler, S. (1996). Influence
    of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters. <i>Journal of Cell
    Biology</i>. Rockefeller University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125
    ">https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 </a>'
  chicago: 'Dogterom, Marileen, M. Felix, Calin C Guet, and Stanislas Leibler. “Influence
    of M-Phase Chromatin on the Anisotropy of Microtubule Asters.” <i>Journal of Cell
    Biology</i>. Rockefeller University Press, 1996. <a href="https://doi.org/doi:
    10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 ">https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 </a>.'
  ieee: M. Dogterom, M. Felix, C. C. Guet, and S. Leibler, “Influence of M-phase chromatin
    on the anisotropy of microtubule asters,” <i>Journal of Cell Biology</i>, vol.
    133, no. 1. Rockefeller University Press, pp. 125–140, 1996.
  ista: Dogterom M, Felix M, Guet CC, Leibler S. 1996. Influence of M-phase chromatin
    on the anisotropy of microtubule asters. Journal of Cell Biology. 133(1), 125–140.
  mla: 'Dogterom, Marileen, et al. “Influence of M-Phase Chromatin on the Anisotropy
    of Microtubule Asters.” <i>Journal of Cell Biology</i>, vol. 133, no. 1, Rockefeller
    University Press, 1996, pp. 125–40, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125
    ">doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 </a>.'
  short: M. Dogterom, M. Felix, C.C. Guet, S. Leibler, Journal of Cell Biology 133
    (1996) 125–140.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:05:00Z
date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-09T14:20:13Z
day: '01'
doi: 'doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.1.125 '
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '8601601'
intvolume: '       133'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2120784/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 125 - 140
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Cell Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0021-9525
publication_status: published
publisher: Rockefeller University Press
publist_id: '2473'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 133
year: '1996'
...