Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane

article Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane published yes Yuliya Salanenka author 46DAAE7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 Inge Verstraeten author 362BF7FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0001-7241-2328 Christian Löfke author Kaori Tabata author 7DAAEDA4-02D0-11E9-B11A-A5A4D7DFFFD0 Satoshi Naramoto author Matous Glanc author 1AE1EA24-02D0-11E9-9BAA-DAF4881429F20000-0003-0619-7783 Jirí Friml author 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0002-8302-7596 JiFr department Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants project The plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA) is a crucial regulator of growth and development. The main paradigm of GA signaling puts forward transcriptional regulation via the degradation of DELLA transcriptional repressors. GA has also been shown to regulate tropic responses by modulation of the plasma membrane incidence of PIN auxin transporters by an unclear mechanism. Here we uncovered the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which GA redirects protein trafficking and thus regulates cell surface functionality. Photoconvertible reporters revealed that GA balances the protein traffic between the vacuole degradation route and recycling back to the cell surface. Low GA levels promote vacuolar delivery and degradation of multiple cargos, including PIN proteins, whereas high GA levels promote their recycling to the plasma membrane. This GA effect requires components of the retromer complex, such as Sorting Nexin 1 (SNX1) and its interacting, microtubule (MT)-associated protein, the Cytoplasmic Linker-Associated Protein (CLASP1). Accordingly, GA regulates the subcellular distribution of SNX1 and CLASP1, and the intact MT cytoskeleton is essential for the GA effect on trafficking. This GA cellular action occurs through DELLA proteins that regulate the MT and retromer presumably via their interaction partners Prefoldins (PFDs). Our study identified a branching of the GA signaling pathway at the level of DELLA proteins, which, in parallel to regulating transcription, also target by a nontranscriptional mechanism the retromer complex acting at the intersection of the degradation and recycling trafficking routes. By this mechanism, GA can redirect receptors and transporters to the cell surface, thus coregulating multiple processes, including PIN-dependent auxin fluxes during tropic responses. https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/428/5700/2018_PNAS_Salanenka.pdf application/pdfno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ National Academy of Sciences2018 eng Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 00042901250007310.1073/pnas.1721760115 11514 3716 - 3721 Y. Salanenka et al., “Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 115, no. 14. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 3716–3721, 2018. Salanenka Y, Verstraeten I, Löfke C, et al. Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2018;115(14):3716-3721. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115">10.1073/pnas.1721760115</a> Salanenka, Yuliya, Inge Verstraeten, Christian Löfke, Kaori Tabata, Satoshi Naramoto, Matous Glanc, and Jiří Friml. “Gibberellin DELLA Signaling Targets the Retromer Complex to Redirect Protein Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115</a>. Salanenka, Yuliya, et al. “Gibberellin DELLA Signaling Targets the Retromer Complex to Redirect Protein Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 115, no. 14, National Academy of Sciences, 2018, pp. 3716–21, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115">10.1073/pnas.1721760115</a>. Salanenka Y, Verstraeten I, Löfke C, Tabata K, Naramoto S, Glanc M, Friml J. 2018. Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115(14), 3716–3721. Salanenka, Y., Verstraeten, I., Löfke, C., Tabata, K., Naramoto, S., Glanc, M., & Friml, J. (2018). Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721760115</a> Y. Salanenka, I. Verstraeten, C. Löfke, K. Tabata, S. Naramoto, M. Glanc, J. Friml, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115 (2018) 3716–3721. 4282018-12-11T11:46:25Z2025-06-03T11:21:29Z