---
_id: '4517'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: It has been observed repeatedly that the standard safety-liveness classification
    for properties of reactive systems does not fit for real-time properties. This
    is because the implicit “liveliness” of time shifts the spectrum towards the safety
    side. While, for example, response—that “something good” will happen eventually—is
    a classical liveness property, bounded response—that “something good” will happen
    soon, within a certain amount of time—has many characteristics of safety. We account
    for this phenomenon formally by defining safety and liveness relative to a given
    condition, such as the progress of time.
acknowledgement: 'The author thanks Martin Abadi, Rajeev Alur, David Dill, Leslie
  Lamport, Zohar Manna, Amir Pnueli, Fred Schneider, and two anonymous referees for
  many valuable suggestions and improvements. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
  ama: Henzinger TA. Sooner Is Safer Than Later. <i>Information Processing Letters</i>.
    1992;43(3):135-141. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>
  apa: Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Sooner Is Safer Than Later. <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Sooner Is Safer Than Later.” <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>. Elsevier, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, “Sooner Is Safer Than Later,” <i>Information Processing Letters</i>,
    vol. 43, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 135–141, 1992.
  ista: Henzinger TA. 1992. Sooner Is Safer Than Later. Information Processing Letters.
    43(3), 135–141.
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Sooner Is Safer Than Later.” <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>, vol. 43, no. 3, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 135–41, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, Information Processing Letters 43 (1992) 135–141.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:16Z
date_published: 1992-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T11:31:23Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        43'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002001909290005G?via%3Dihub
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 135 - 141
publication: Information Processing Letters
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0020-0190
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '211'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sooner Is Safer Than Later
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 43
year: '1992'
...