--- _id: '613' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Bacteria in groups vary individually, and interact with other bacteria and the environment to produce population-level patterns of gene expression. Investigating such behavior in detail requires measuring and controlling populations at the single-cell level alongside precisely specified interactions and environmental characteristics. Here we present an automated, programmable platform that combines image-based gene expression and growth measurements with on-line optogenetic expression control for hundreds of individual Escherichia coli cells over days, in a dynamically adjustable environment. This integrated platform broadly enables experiments that bridge individual and population behaviors. We demonstrate: (i) population structuring by independent closed-loop control of gene expression in many individual cells, (ii) cell-cell variation control during antibiotic perturbation, (iii) hybrid bio-digital circuits in single cells, and freely specifiable digital communication between individual bacteria. These examples showcase the potential for real-time integration of theoretical models with measurement and control of many individual cells to investigate and engineer microbial population behavior.' acknowledgement: We are grateful to M. Lang, H. Janovjak, M. Khammash, A. Milias-Argeitis, M. Rullan, G. Batt, A. Bosma-Moody, Aryan, S. Leibler, and members of the Guet and Tkačik groups for helpful discussion, comments, and suggestions. We thank A. Moglich, T. Mathes, J. Tabor, and S. Schmidl for kind gifts of strains, and R. Hauschild, B. Knep, M. Lang, T. Asenov, E. Papusheva, T. Menner, T. Adletzberger, and J. Merrin for technical assistance. The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under REA grant agreement no. [291734]. (to R.C. and J.R.), Austrian Science Fund grant FWF P28844 (to G.T.), and internal IST Austria Interdisciplinary Project Support. J.R. acknowledges support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under Grant Nos. ANR-16-CE33-0018 (MEMIP), ANR-16-CE12-0025 (COGEX) and ANR-10-BINF-06-01 (ICEBERG). article_number: '1535' article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) author: - first_name: Remy P full_name: Chait, Remy P id: 3464AE84-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chait orcid: 0000-0003-0876-3187 - first_name: Jakob full_name: Ruess, Jakob id: 4A245D00-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ruess orcid: 0000-0003-1615-3282 - first_name: Tobias full_name: Bergmiller, Tobias id: 2C471CFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bergmiller orcid: 0000-0001-5396-4346 - first_name: Gasper full_name: Tkacik, Gasper id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Tkacik orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455 - first_name: Calin C full_name: Guet, Calin C id: 47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Guet orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052 citation: ama: Chait RP, Ruess J, Bergmiller T, Tkačik G, Guet CC. Shaping bacterial population behavior through computer interfaced control of individual cells. Nature Communications. 2017;8(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01683-1 apa: Chait, R. P., Ruess, J., Bergmiller, T., Tkačik, G., & Guet, C. C. (2017). Shaping bacterial population behavior through computer interfaced control of individual cells. Nature Communications. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01683-1 chicago: Chait, Remy P, Jakob Ruess, Tobias Bergmiller, Gašper Tkačik, and Calin C Guet. “Shaping Bacterial Population Behavior through Computer Interfaced Control of Individual Cells.” Nature Communications. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01683-1. ieee: R. P. Chait, J. Ruess, T. Bergmiller, G. Tkačik, and C. C. Guet, “Shaping bacterial population behavior through computer interfaced control of individual cells,” Nature Communications, vol. 8, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. ista: Chait RP, Ruess J, Bergmiller T, Tkačik G, Guet CC. 2017. Shaping bacterial population behavior through computer interfaced control of individual cells. Nature Communications. 8(1), 1535. mla: Chait, Remy P., et al. “Shaping Bacterial Population Behavior through Computer Interfaced Control of Individual Cells.” Nature Communications, vol. 8, no. 1, 1535, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01683-1. short: R.P. Chait, J. Ruess, T. Bergmiller, G. Tkačik, C.C. Guet, Nature Communications 8 (2017). date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:30Z date_published: 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:06:15Z day: '01' ddc: - '576' - '579' department: - _id: CaGu - _id: GaTk doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01683-1 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 44bb5d0229926c23a9955d9fe0f9723f content_type: application/pdf creator: system date_created: 2018-12-12T10:16:05Z date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z file_id: '5190' file_name: IST-2017-911-v1+1_s41467-017-01683-1.pdf file_size: 1951699 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 8' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '291734' name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme - _id: 254E9036-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: P28844-B27 name: Biophysics of information processing in gene regulation publication: Nature Communications publication_identifier: issn: - '20411723' publication_status: published publisher: Nature Publishing Group publist_id: '7191' pubrep_id: '911' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: 1 status: public title: Shaping bacterial population behavior through computer interfaced control of individual cells tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 8 year: '2017' ...