---
_id: '6259'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The plant hormone auxin has crucial roles in almost all aspects of plant growth
and development. Concentrations of auxin vary across different tissues, mediating
distinct developmental outcomes and contributing to the functional diversity of
auxin. However, the mechanisms that underlie these activities are poorly understood.
Here we identify an auxin signalling mechanism, which acts in parallel to the
canonical auxin pathway based on the transport inhibitor response1 (TIR1) and
other auxin receptor F-box (AFB) family proteins (TIR1/AFB receptors)1,2, that
translates levels of cellular auxin to mediate differential growth during apical-hook
development. This signalling mechanism operates at the concave side of the apical
hook, and involves auxin-mediated C-terminal cleavage of transmembrane kinase
1 (TMK1). The cytosolic and nucleus-translocated C terminus of TMK1 specifically
interacts with and phosphorylates two non-canonical transcriptional repressors
of the auxin or indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family (IAA32 and IAA34), thereby
regulating ARF transcription factors. In contrast to the degradation of Aux/IAA
transcriptional repressors in the canonical pathway, the newly identified mechanism
stabilizes the non-canonical IAA32 and IAA34 transcriptional repressors to regulate
gene expression and ultimately inhibit growth. The auxin–TMK1 signalling pathway
originates at the cell surface, is triggered by high levels of auxin and shares
a partially overlapping set of transcription factors with the TIR1/AFB signalling
pathway. This allows distinct interpretations of different concentrations of cellular
auxin, and thus enables this versatile signalling molecule to mediate complex
developmental outcomes.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Min
full_name: Cao, Min
last_name: Cao
- first_name: Rong
full_name: Chen, Rong
last_name: Chen
- first_name: Pan
full_name: Li, Pan
last_name: Li
- first_name: Yongqiang
full_name: Yu, Yongqiang
last_name: Yu
- first_name: Rui
full_name: Zheng, Rui
last_name: Zheng
- first_name: Danfeng
full_name: Ge, Danfeng
last_name: Ge
- first_name: Wei
full_name: Zheng, Wei
last_name: Zheng
- first_name: Xuhui
full_name: Wang, Xuhui
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yangtao
full_name: Gu, Yangtao
last_name: Gu
- first_name: Zuzana
full_name: Gelová, Zuzana
id: 0AE74790-0E0B-11E9-ABC7-1ACFE5697425
last_name: Gelová
orcid: 0000-0003-4783-1752
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Heng
full_name: Zhang, Heng
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Renyi
full_name: Liu, Renyi
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Jun
full_name: He, Jun
last_name: He
- first_name: Tongda
full_name: Xu, Tongda
last_name: Xu
citation:
ama: Cao M, Chen R, Li P, et al. TMK1-mediated auxin signalling regulates differential
growth of the apical hook. Nature. 2019;568:240-243. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7
apa: Cao, M., Chen, R., Li, P., Yu, Y., Zheng, R., Ge, D., … Xu, T. (2019). TMK1-mediated
auxin signalling regulates differential growth of the apical hook. Nature.
Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7
chicago: Cao, Min, Rong Chen, Pan Li, Yongqiang Yu, Rui Zheng, Danfeng Ge, Wei Zheng,
et al. “TMK1-Mediated Auxin Signalling Regulates Differential Growth of the Apical
Hook.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7.
ieee: M. Cao et al., “TMK1-mediated auxin signalling regulates differential
growth of the apical hook,” Nature, vol. 568. Springer Nature, pp. 240–243,
2019.
ista: Cao M, Chen R, Li P, Yu Y, Zheng R, Ge D, Zheng W, Wang X, Gu Y, Gelová Z,
Friml J, Zhang H, Liu R, He J, Xu T. 2019. TMK1-mediated auxin signalling regulates
differential growth of the apical hook. Nature. 568, 240–243.
mla: Cao, Min, et al. “TMK1-Mediated Auxin Signalling Regulates Differential Growth
of the Apical Hook.” Nature, vol. 568, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 240–43,
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7.
short: M. Cao, R. Chen, P. Li, Y. Yu, R. Zheng, D. Ge, W. Zheng, X. Wang, Y. Gu,
Z. Gelová, J. Friml, H. Zhang, R. Liu, J. He, T. Xu, Nature 568 (2019) 240–243.
date_created: 2019-04-09T08:37:05Z
date_published: 2019-04-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:45:04Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000464412700050'
pmid:
- '30944466'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6b84ab602a34382cf0340a37a1378c75
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-11-13T07:37:41Z
date_updated: 2020-11-13T07:37:41Z
file_id: '8751'
file_name: 2019_Nature _Cao_accepted.pdf
file_size: 4321328
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-11-13T07:37:41Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1069-7
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 568'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 240-243
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '742985'
name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1476-4687
issn:
- 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on IST Homepage
relation: press_release
url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/newly-discovered-mechanism-of-plant-hormone-auxin-acts-the-opposite-way/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: TMK1-mediated auxin signalling regulates differential growth of the apical
hook
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 568
year: '2019'
...