--- res: bibo_abstract: - 'The bacterial flagellum is a self-assembling nanomachine. The external flagellar filament, several times longer than a bacterial cell body, is made of a few tens of thousands subunits of a single protein: flagellin. A fundamental problem concerns the molecular mechanism of how the flagellum grows outside the cell, where no discernible energy source is available. Here, we monitored the dynamic assembly of individual flagella using in situ labelling and real-time immunostaining of elongating flagellar filaments. We report that the rate of flagellum growth, initially ~1,700 amino acids per second, decreases with length and that the previously proposed chain mechanism does not contribute to the filament elongation dynamics. Inhibition of the proton motive force-dependent export apparatus revealed a major contribution of substrate injection in driving filament elongation. The combination of experimental and mathematical evidence demonstrates that a simple, injection-diffusion mechanism controls bacterial flagella growth outside the cell.@eng' bibo_authorlist: - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Thibaud foaf_name: Renault, Thibaud foaf_surname: Renault - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Anthony foaf_name: Abraham, Anthony foaf_surname: Abraham - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Tobias foaf_name: Bergmiller, Tobias foaf_surname: Bergmiller foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=2C471CFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0001-5396-4346 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Guillaume foaf_name: Paradis, Guillaume foaf_surname: Paradis - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Simon foaf_name: Rainville, Simon foaf_surname: Rainville - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Emmanuelle foaf_name: Charpentier, Emmanuelle foaf_surname: Charpentier - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Calin C foaf_name: Guet, Calin C foaf_surname: Guet foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 orcid: 0000-0001-6220-2052 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Yuhai foaf_name: Tu, Yuhai foaf_surname: Tu - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Keiichi foaf_name: Namba, Keiichi foaf_surname: Namba - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: James foaf_name: Keener, James foaf_surname: Keener - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Tohru foaf_name: Minamino, Tohru foaf_surname: Minamino - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Marc foaf_name: Erhardt, Marc foaf_surname: Erhardt bibo_doi: 10.7554/eLife.23136 bibo_volume: 6 dct_date: 2017^xs_gYear dct_isPartOf: - http://id.crossref.org/issn/2050084X dct_language: eng dct_publisher: eLife Sciences Publications@ dct_title: Bacterial flagella grow through an injection diffusion mechanism@ ...