---
_id: '6637'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The environment changes constantly at various time scales and, in order to
    survive, species need to keep adapting. Whether these species succeed in avoiding
    extinction is a major evolutionary question. Using a multilocus evolutionary model
    of a mutation‐limited population adapting under strong selection, we investigate
    the effects of the frequency of environmental fluctuations on adaptation. Our
    results rely on an “adaptive‐walk” approximation and use mathematical methods
    from evolutionary computation theory to investigate the interplay between fluctuation
    frequency, the similarity of environments, and the number of loci contributing
    to adaptation. First, we assume a linear additive fitness function, but later
    generalize our results to include several types of epistasis. We show that frequent
    environmental changes prevent populations from reaching a fitness peak, but they
    may also prevent the large fitness loss that occurs after a single environmental
    change. Thus, the population can survive, although not thrive, in a wide range
    of conditions. Furthermore, we show that in a frequently changing environment,
    the similarity of threats that a population faces affects the level of adaptation
    that it is able to achieve. We check and supplement our analytical results with
    simulations.
acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank to Tiago Paixao and Nick Barton for
  useful comments and advice.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Barbora
  full_name: Trubenova, Barbora
  id: 42302D54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Trubenova
  orcid: 0000-0002-6873-2967
- first_name: 'Martin '
  full_name: 'Krejca, Martin '
  last_name: Krejca
- first_name: Per Kristian
  full_name: Lehre, Per Kristian
  last_name: Lehre
- first_name: Timo
  full_name: Kötzing, Timo
  last_name: Kötzing
citation:
  ama: 'Trubenova B, Krejca M, Lehre PK, Kötzing T. Surfing on the seascape: Adaptation
    in a changing environment. <i>Evolution</i>. 2019;73(7):1356-1374. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784">10.1111/evo.13784</a>'
  apa: 'Trubenova, B., Krejca, M., Lehre, P. K., &#38; Kötzing, T. (2019). Surfing
    on the seascape: Adaptation in a changing environment. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784</a>'
  chicago: 'Trubenova, Barbora, Martin  Krejca, Per Kristian Lehre, and Timo Kötzing.
    “Surfing on the Seascape: Adaptation in a Changing Environment.” <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784</a>.'
  ieee: 'B. Trubenova, M. Krejca, P. K. Lehre, and T. Kötzing, “Surfing on the seascape:
    Adaptation in a changing environment,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 73, no. 7. Wiley,
    pp. 1356–1374, 2019.'
  ista: 'Trubenova B, Krejca M, Lehre PK, Kötzing T. 2019. Surfing on the seascape:
    Adaptation in a changing environment. Evolution. 73(7), 1356–1374.'
  mla: 'Trubenova, Barbora, et al. “Surfing on the Seascape: Adaptation in a Changing
    Environment.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 73, no. 7, Wiley, 2019, pp. 1356–74, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13784">10.1111/evo.13784</a>.'
  short: B. Trubenova, M. Krejca, P.K. Lehre, T. Kötzing, Evolution 73 (2019) 1356–1374.
date_created: 2019-07-14T21:59:20Z
date_published: 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:22:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.13784
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000474031600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 9831ca65def2d62498c7b08338b6d237
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: apreinsp
  date_created: 2019-07-16T06:08:31Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:34Z
  file_id: '6643'
  file_name: 2019_Evolution_TrubenovaBarbora.pdf
  file_size: 815416
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:34Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        73'
isi: 1
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1356-1374
project:
- _id: 25AEDD42-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '704172'
  name: Rate of Adaptation in Changing Environment
- _id: 25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '618091'
  name: Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation
publication: Evolution
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Surfing on the seascape: Adaptation in a changing environment'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 73
year: '2019'
...