---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - The biotic interactions hypothesis posits that biotic interactions are more important
    drivers of adaptation closer to the equator, evidenced by “stronger” contemporary
    interactions (e.g. greater interaction rates) and/or patterns of trait evolution
    consistent with a history of stronger interactions. Support for the hypothesis
    is mixed, but few studies span tropical and temperate regions while experimentally
    controlling for evolutionary history. Here, we integrate field observations and
    common garden experiments to quantify the relative importance of pollination and
    herbivory in a pair of tropical‐temperate congeneric perennial herbs. Phytolacca
    rivinoides and P. americana are pioneer species native to the Neotropics and the
    eastern USA, respectively. We compared plant‐pollinator and plant‐herbivore interactions
    between three tropical populations of P. rivinoides from Costa Rica and three
    temperate populations of P. americana from its northern range edge in Michigan
    and Ohio. For some metrics of interaction importance, we also included three subtropical
    populations of P. americana from its southern range edge in Florida. This approach
    confounds species and region but allows us, uniquely, to measure complementary
    proxies of interaction importance across a tropical‐temperate range in one system.
    To test the prediction that lower‐latitude plants are more reliant on insect pollinators,
    we quantified floral display and reward, insect visitation rates, and self‐pollination
    ability (autogamy). To test the prediction that lower‐latitude plants experience
    more herbivore pressure, we quantified herbivory rates, herbivore abundance, and
    leaf palatability. We found evidence supporting the biotic interactions hypothesis
    for most comparisons between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana (floral
    display, insect visitation, autogamy, herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young‐leaf
    palatability). Results for subtropical P. americana populations, however, were
    typically not intermediate between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana,
    as would be predicted by a linear latitudinal gradient in interaction importance.
    Subtropical young‐leaf palatability was intermediate, but subtropical mature leaves
    were the least palatable, and pollination‐related traits did not differ between
    temperate and subtropical regions. These nonlinear patterns of interaction importance
    suggest future work to relate interaction importance to climatic or biotic thresholds.
    In sum, we found that the biotic interactions hypothesis was more consistently
    supported at the larger spatial scale of our study.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Carina
      foaf_name: Baskett, Carina
      foaf_surname: Baskett
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=3B4A7CE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
    orcid: 0000-0002-7354-8574
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Lucy
      foaf_name: Schroeder, Lucy
      foaf_surname: Schroeder
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Marjorie G.
      foaf_name: Weber, Marjorie G.
      foaf_surname: Weber
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Douglas W.
      foaf_name: Schemske, Douglas W.
      foaf_surname: Schemske
  bibo_doi: 10.1002/ecm.1397
  bibo_issue: '1'
  bibo_volume: 90
  dct_date: 2020^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:000508511600001
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0012-9615
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1557-7015
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Wiley@
  dct_title: Multiple metrics of latitudinal patterns in insect pollination and herbivory
    for a tropical‐temperate congener pair@
...