article published yes Ruslan Guseinov author 3AB45EE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0001-9819-5077 Connor McMahan author Jesus Perez Rodriguez author 2DC83906-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 Chiara Daraio author Bernd Bickel author 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0001-6511-9385 BeBi department ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships project MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and Modeling project Advances in shape-morphing materials, such as hydrogels, shape-memory polymers and light-responsive polymers have enabled prescribing self-directed deformations of initially flat geometries. However, most proposed solutions evolve towards a target geometry without considering time-dependent actuation paths. To achieve more complex geometries and avoid self-collisions, it is critical to encode a spatial and temporal shape evolution within the initially flat shell. Recent realizations of time-dependent morphing are limited to the actuation of few, discrete hinges and cannot form doubly curved surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a method for encoding temporal shape evolution in architected shells that assume complex shapes and doubly curved geometries. The shells are non-periodic tessellations of pre-stressed contractile unit cells that soften in water at rates prescribed locally by mesostructure geometry. The ensuing midplane contraction is coupled to the formation of encoded curvatures. We propose an inverse design tool based on a data-driven model for unit cells’ temporal responses. https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/7262/7336/2020_NatureComm_Guseinov.pdf application/pdfno Springer Nature2020 eng DesignSynthesis and processingMechanical engineeringPolymers 2041-1723 31932589 00051191680001510.1038/s41467-019-14015-2 11 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/7154 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/8366 https://ist.ac.at/en/news/geometry-meets-time/ Guseinov, R., McMahan, C., Perez Rodriguez, J., Daraio, C., &#38; Bickel, B. (2020). Programming temporal morphing of self-actuated shells. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2</a> Guseinov, Ruslan, Connor McMahan, Jesus Perez Rodriguez, Chiara Daraio, and Bernd Bickel. “Programming Temporal Morphing of Self-Actuated Shells.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2</a>. Guseinov R, McMahan C, Perez Rodriguez J, Daraio C, Bickel B. Programming temporal morphing of self-actuated shells. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2020;11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2">10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2</a> Guseinov, Ruslan, et al. “Programming Temporal Morphing of Self-Actuated Shells.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 11, 237, Springer Nature, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2">10.1038/s41467-019-14015-2</a>. R. Guseinov, C. McMahan, J. Perez Rodriguez, C. Daraio, and B. Bickel, “Programming temporal morphing of self-actuated shells,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 11. Springer Nature, 2020. Guseinov R, McMahan C, Perez Rodriguez J, Daraio C, Bickel B. 2020. Programming temporal morphing of self-actuated shells. Nature Communications. 11, 237. R. Guseinov, C. McMahan, J. Perez Rodriguez, C. Daraio, B. Bickel, Nature Communications 11 (2020). 72622020-01-13T16:54:26Z2026-04-08T07:25:22Z