--- res: bibo_abstract: - Kinetics of electrochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude slower in solids than in liquids as a result of the much lower ion diffusivity. Yet, the solid state maximizes the density of redox species, which is at least two orders of magnitude lower in liquids because of solubility limitations. With regard to electrochemical energy storage devices, this leads to high-energy batteries with limited power and high-power supercapacitors with a well-known energy deficiency. For such devices the ideal system should endow the liquid state with a density of redox species close to the solid state. Here we report an approach based on biredox ionic liquids to achieve bulk-like redox density at liquid-like fast kinetics. The cation and anion of these biredox ionic liquids bear moieties that undergo very fast reversible redox reactions. As a first demonstration of their potential for high-capacity/high-rate charge storage, we used them in redox supercapacitors. These ionic liquids are able to decouple charge storage from an ion-accessible electrode surface, by storing significant charge in the pores of the electrodes, to minimize self-discharge and leakage current as a result of retaining the redox species in the pores, and to raise working voltage due to their wide electrochemical window.@eng bibo_authorlist: - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Eléonore foaf_name: Mourad, Eléonore foaf_surname: Mourad - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Laura foaf_name: Coustan, Laura foaf_surname: Coustan - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Pierre foaf_name: Lannelongue, Pierre foaf_surname: Lannelongue - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Dodzi foaf_name: Zigah, Dodzi foaf_surname: Zigah - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Ahmad foaf_name: Mehdi, Ahmad foaf_surname: Mehdi - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: André foaf_name: Vioux, André foaf_surname: Vioux - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Stefan Alexander foaf_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander foaf_surname: Freunberger foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425 orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319 - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Frédéric foaf_name: Favier, Frédéric foaf_surname: Favier - foaf_Person: foaf_givenName: Olivier foaf_name: Fontaine, Olivier foaf_surname: Fontaine bibo_doi: 10.1038/nmat4808 bibo_issue: '4' bibo_volume: 16 dct_date: 2016^xs_gYear dct_isPartOf: - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1476-1122 - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1476-4660 dct_language: eng dct_publisher: Springer Nature@ dct_title: Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors@ ...