---
_id: '7279'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Kinetics of electrochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude slower
    in solids than in liquids as a result of the much lower ion diffusivity. Yet,
    the solid state maximizes the density of redox species, which is at least two
    orders of magnitude lower in liquids because of solubility limitations. With regard
    to electrochemical energy storage devices, this leads to high-energy batteries
    with limited power and high-power supercapacitors with a well-known energy deficiency.
    For such devices the ideal system should endow the liquid state with a density
    of redox species close to the solid state. Here we report an approach based on
    biredox ionic liquids to achieve bulk-like redox density at liquid-like fast kinetics.
    The cation and anion of these biredox ionic liquids bear moieties that undergo
    very fast reversible redox reactions. As a first demonstration of their potential
    for high-capacity/high-rate charge storage, we used them in redox supercapacitors.
    These ionic liquids are able to decouple charge storage from an ion-accessible
    electrode surface, by storing significant charge in the pores of the electrodes,
    to minimize self-discharge and leakage current as a result of retaining the redox
    species in the pores, and to raise working voltage due to their wide electrochemical
    window.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Eléonore
  full_name: Mourad, Eléonore
  last_name: Mourad
- first_name: Laura
  full_name: Coustan, Laura
  last_name: Coustan
- first_name: Pierre
  full_name: Lannelongue, Pierre
  last_name: Lannelongue
- first_name: Dodzi
  full_name: Zigah, Dodzi
  last_name: Zigah
- first_name: Ahmad
  full_name: Mehdi, Ahmad
  last_name: Mehdi
- first_name: André
  full_name: Vioux, André
  last_name: Vioux
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Frédéric
  full_name: Favier, Frédéric
  last_name: Favier
- first_name: Olivier
  full_name: Fontaine, Olivier
  last_name: Fontaine
citation:
  ama: Mourad E, Coustan L, Lannelongue P, et al. Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like
    redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. <i>Nature Materials</i>.
    2016;16(4):446-453. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">10.1038/nmat4808</a>
  apa: Mourad, E., Coustan, L., Lannelongue, P., Zigah, D., Mehdi, A., Vioux, A.,
    … Fontaine, O. (2016). Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in
    the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808</a>
  chicago: Mourad, Eléonore, Laura Coustan, Pierre Lannelongue, Dodzi Zigah, Ahmad
    Mehdi, André Vioux, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Frédéric Favier, and Olivier
    Fontaine. “Biredox Ionic Liquids with Solid-like Redox Density in the Liquid State
    for High-Energy Supercapacitors.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2016.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808</a>.
  ieee: E. Mourad <i>et al.</i>, “Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density
    in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors,” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 16, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 446–453, 2016.
  ista: Mourad E, Coustan L, Lannelongue P, Zigah D, Mehdi A, Vioux A, Freunberger
    SA, Favier F, Fontaine O. 2016. Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density
    in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. Nature Materials. 16(4),
    446–453.
  mla: Mourad, Eléonore, et al. “Biredox Ionic Liquids with Solid-like Redox Density
    in the Liquid State for High-Energy Supercapacitors.” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 16, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2016, pp. 446–53, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">10.1038/nmat4808</a>.
  short: E. Mourad, L. Coustan, P. Lannelongue, D. Zigah, A. Mehdi, A. Vioux, S.A.
    Freunberger, F. Favier, O. Fontaine, Nature Materials 16 (2016) 446–453.
date_created: 2020-01-15T07:27:54Z
date_published: 2016-11-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:43Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1038/nmat4808
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1711.11518'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808
intvolume: '        16'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.11518
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 446-453
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
  - 1476-4660
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for
  high-energy supercapacitors
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2016'
...