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<titleInfo><title>Short-range Li diffusion vs. long-range ionic conduction in nanocrystalline lithium peroxide Li2O2—the discharge product in lithium-air batteries</title></titleInfo>


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<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Dunst</namePart>
  <role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role></name>
<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">V.</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Epp</namePart>
  <role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role></name>
<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">I.</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Hanzu</namePart>
  <role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role></name>
<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">Stefan Alexander</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Freunberger</namePart>
  <role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role><identifier type="local">A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425</identifier><description xsi:type="identifierDefinition" type="orcid">0000-0003-2902-5319</description></name>
<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">M.</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Wilkening</namePart>
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<abstract lang="eng">Understanding charge carrier transport in Li2O2, the storage material in the non-aqueous Li-O2 battery, is key to the development of this high-energy battery. Here, we studied ionic transport properties and Li self-diffusion in nanocrystalline Li2O2 by conductivity and temperature variable 7Li NMR spectroscopy. Nanostructured Li2O2, characterized by a mean crystallite size of less than 50 nm as estimated from X-ray diffraction peak broadening, was prepared by high-energy ball milling of microcrystalline lithium peroxide with μm sized crystallites. At room temperature the overall conductivity σ of the microcrystalline reference sample turned out to be very low (3.4 × 10−13 S cm−1) which is in agreement with results from temperature-variable 7Li NMR line shape measurements. Ball-milling, however, leads to an increase of σ by approximately two orders of magnitude (1.1 × 10−10 S cm−1); correspondingly, the activation energy decreases from 0.89 eV to 0.82 eV. The electronic contribution σeon, however, is in the order of 9 × 10−12 S cm−1 which makes less than 10% of the total value. Interestingly, 7Li NMR lines of nano-Li2O2 undergo pronounced heterogeneous motional narrowing which manifests in a two-component line shape emerging with increasing temperatures. Most likely, the enhancement in σ can be traced back to the generation of a spin reservoir with highly mobile Li ions; these are expected to reside in the nearest neighbourhood of defects generated or near the structurally disordered and defect-rich interfacial regions formed during mechanical treatment.</abstract>

<originInfo><publisher>RSC</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2014</dateIssued>
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<language><languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
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<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Energy &amp; Environmental Science</title></titleInfo>
  <identifier type="issn">1754-5692</identifier>
  <identifier type="issn">1754-5706</identifier><identifier type="doi">10.1039/c4ee00496e</identifier>
<part><detail type="volume"><number>7</number></detail><detail type="issue"><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages">2739-2752</extent>
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<ista>Dunst A, Epp V, Hanzu I, Freunberger SA, Wilkening M. 2014. Short-range Li diffusion vs. long-range ionic conduction in nanocrystalline lithium peroxide Li2O2—the discharge product in lithium-air batteries. Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science. 7(8), 2739–2752.</ista>
<short>A. Dunst, V. Epp, I. Hanzu, S.A. Freunberger, M. Wilkening, Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science 7 (2014) 2739–2752.</short>
<ama>Dunst A, Epp V, Hanzu I, Freunberger SA, Wilkening M. Short-range Li diffusion vs. long-range ionic conduction in nanocrystalline lithium peroxide Li2O2—the discharge product in lithium-air batteries. &lt;i&gt;Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science&lt;/i&gt;. 2014;7(8):2739-2752. doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&quot;&gt;10.1039/c4ee00496e&lt;/a&gt;</ama>
<mla>Dunst, A., et al. “Short-Range Li Diffusion vs. Long-Range Ionic Conduction in Nanocrystalline Lithium Peroxide Li2O2—the Discharge Product in Lithium-Air Batteries.” &lt;i&gt;Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science&lt;/i&gt;, vol. 7, no. 8, RSC, 2014, pp. 2739–52, doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&quot;&gt;10.1039/c4ee00496e&lt;/a&gt;.</mla>
<ieee>A. Dunst, V. Epp, I. Hanzu, S. A. Freunberger, and M. Wilkening, “Short-range Li diffusion vs. long-range ionic conduction in nanocrystalline lithium peroxide Li2O2—the discharge product in lithium-air batteries,” &lt;i&gt;Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science&lt;/i&gt;, vol. 7, no. 8. RSC, pp. 2739–2752, 2014.</ieee>
<apa>Dunst, A., Epp, V., Hanzu, I., Freunberger, S. A., &amp;#38; Wilkening, M. (2014). Short-range Li diffusion vs. long-range ionic conduction in nanocrystalline lithium peroxide Li2O2—the discharge product in lithium-air batteries. &lt;i&gt;Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science&lt;/i&gt;. RSC. &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&lt;/a&gt;</apa>
<chicago>Dunst, A., V. Epp, I. Hanzu, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and M. Wilkening. “Short-Range Li Diffusion vs. Long-Range Ionic Conduction in Nanocrystalline Lithium Peroxide Li2O2—the Discharge Product in Lithium-Air Batteries.” &lt;i&gt;Energy &amp;#38; Environmental Science&lt;/i&gt;. RSC, 2014. &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00496e&lt;/a&gt;.</chicago>
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