---
_id: '7627'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Electrodepositing  insulating  and  insoluble  Li2O2  is  the  key  process  during  discharge  of  aprotic  Li-O2
    batteries  and  determines  rate,  capacity,  and  reversibility.  Current  understanding  states  that  the
    partition  between  surface  adsorbed  and  solvated  LiO2  governs  whether  Li2O2  grows  as  surface  film,
    leading to low capacity even at low rates, or in solution, leading to particles
    and high capacities. Here we show that Li2O2 forms to the widest extent as particles
    via solution mediated LiO2 disproportionation. We  describe  a  unified  Li2O2  growth  model  that  conclusively  explains  capacity  limitations  across  the
    whole range of electrolytes. Deciding for particle morphology, achievable rate
    and capacities are species mobilities,   electrode   specific   surface   area   (determining  true   areal   rate)   and   the  concentration
    distribution of associated LiO2 in solution. Provided that species mobilities
    and surface are high, high, capacities are possible even with low-donor-number
    electrolytes, previously considered prototypical for low   capacity   via   surface   growth.   The   tools   for   these   insights   are   microscopy,   hydrodynamic
    voltammetry, a numerical reaction model, and in situ small/wide angle X-ray scattering
    (SAXS/WAXS). Combined with sophisticated data analysis, SAXS allows retrieving
    rich quantitative information from complex multi-phase systems. On a wider perspective,
    this SAXS method is a powerful in situ metrology with  atomic  to  sub-micron  resolution  to  study  mechanisms  in  complex  electrochemical  systems  and
    beyond. '
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Prehal, Christian
  last_name: Prehal
- first_name: Aleksej
  full_name: Samojlov, Aleksej
  last_name: Samojlov
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Nachtnebel, Manfred
  last_name: Nachtnebel
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Kriechbaum, Manfred
  last_name: Kriechbaum
- first_name: Heinz
  full_name: Amenitsch, Heinz
  last_name: Amenitsch
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
citation:
  ama: Prehal C, Samojlov A, Nachtnebel M, Kriechbaum M, Amenitsch H, Freunberger
    SA. A revised O2 reduction model in Li-O2 batteries as revealed by in situ small
    angle X-ray scattering.
  apa: Prehal, C., Samojlov, A., Nachtnebel, M., Kriechbaum, M., Amenitsch, H., &
    Freunberger, S. A. (n.d.). A revised O2 reduction model in Li-O2 batteries as
    revealed by in situ small angle X-ray scattering. ChemRxiv.
  chicago: Prehal, Christian, Aleksej Samojlov, Manfred Nachtnebel, Manfred Kriechbaum,
    Heinz Amenitsch, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “A Revised O2 Reduction Model
    in Li-O2 Batteries as Revealed by in Situ Small Angle X-Ray Scattering.” ChemRxiv,
    n.d.
  ieee: C. Prehal, A. Samojlov, M. Nachtnebel, M. Kriechbaum, H. Amenitsch, and S.
    A. Freunberger, “A revised O2 reduction model in Li-O2 batteries as revealed by
    in situ small angle X-ray scattering.” ChemRxiv.
  ista: Prehal C, Samojlov A, Nachtnebel M, Kriechbaum M, Amenitsch H, Freunberger
    SA. A revised O2 reduction model in Li-O2 batteries as revealed by in situ small
    angle X-ray scattering.
  mla: Prehal, Christian, et al. <i>A Revised O2 Reduction Model in Li-O2 Batteries
    as Revealed by in Situ Small Angle X-Ray Scattering</i>. ChemRxiv.
  short: C. Prehal, A. Samojlov, M. Nachtnebel, M. Kriechbaum, H. Amenitsch, S.A.
    Freunberger, (n.d.).
date_created: 2020-04-01T10:10:21Z
date_published: 2019-12-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2020-04-06T10:36:21Z
day: '26'
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11447775.v1
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: '50'
publication_status: submitted
publisher: ChemRxiv
status: public
title: A revised O2 reduction model in Li-O2 batteries as revealed by in situ small
  angle X-ray scattering
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...